Swayampakala Kamala, Thrasher James F, Hardin James W, Titus Andrea R, Liu Jihong, Fong Geoffrey T, Fleischer Nancy L
Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Departamento de Investigación sobre Tabaco, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México.
Addict Behav Rep. 2018 Oct 10;8:154-163. doi: 10.1016/j.abrep.2018.10.002. eCollection 2018 Dec.
Light and intermittent smoking has become increasingly prevalent as smokers shift to lower consumption in response to tobacco control policies. We examined changes in cigarette consumption patterns over a four-year period and determined which factors were associated with smoking transitions.
We used data from a cohort of smokers from the 2008-2012 ITC Mexico Survey administrations to investigate transitions from non-daily (ND; n = 669), daily light (DL; ≤5 cigarettes per day (cpd); n = 643), and daily heavy (DH; >5 cpd; n = 761) smoking patterns. To identify which factors (i.e., sociodemographic measures, perceived addiction, quit behavior, social norms) were associated with smoking transitions, we stratified on smoking status at time (ND, DL, DH) and used multinomial (ND, DL) and binomial (DH) logistic regression to examine transitions (quitting/reducing or increasing versus same level for ND and DL, quitting/reducing versus same level for DH).
ND smokers were more likely to quit at follow-up than DL or DH smokers. DH smokers who reduced their consumption to ND were more likely to quit eventually compared to those who continued as DH. Smokers who perceived themselves as addicted had lower odds of quitting/reducing smoking consumption at follow-up compared to smokers who did not, regardless of smoking status at the prior survey. Quit attempts and quit intentions were also associated with quitting/reducing consumption.
Reducing consumption may eventually lead to cessation, even for heavier smokers. The findings that perceived addiction and quit behavior were important predictors of changing consumption for all groups may offer insights into potential interventions.
随着吸烟者为响应烟草控制政策而转向较低的消费量，轻度和间歇性吸烟日益普遍。我们研究了四年期间香烟消费模式的变化，并确定了哪些因素与吸烟转变相关。
我们使用了2008 - 2012年国际烟草控制（ITC）墨西哥调查中吸烟者队列的数据，以调查从不每日吸烟（ND；n = 669）、每日轻度吸烟（DL；每天≤5支香烟（cpd）；n = 643）和每日重度吸烟（DH；>5 cpd；n = 761）模式的转变情况。为了确定哪些因素（即社会人口统计学指标、感知成瘾、戒烟行为、社会规范）与吸烟转变相关，我们根据时间点的吸烟状态（ND、DL、DH）进行分层，并使用多项（ND、DL）和二项（DH）逻辑回归来研究转变情况（对于ND和DL，戒烟/减少或增加与保持相同水平，对于DH，戒烟/减少与保持相同水平）。
与DL或DH吸烟者相比，ND吸烟者在随访时更有可能戒烟。与继续保持DH的吸烟者相比，将消费量降至ND的DH吸烟者最终更有可能戒烟。与未感知自己成瘾的吸烟者相比，无论之前调查时的吸烟状态如何，感知自己成瘾的吸烟者在随访时戒烟/减少吸烟量的几率更低。戒烟尝试和戒烟意愿也与戒烟/减少消费量相关。
即使对于重度吸烟者，减少消费量最终可能导致戒烟。感知成瘾和戒烟行为是所有组改变消费的重要预测因素这一发现，可能为潜在干预措施提供见解。
