Yoon Kichul, Kim Nayoung
Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine and Digestive Disease Research Institute, Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gunpo, Korea.
J Cancer Prev. 2018 Sep;23(3):117-125. doi: 10.15430/JCP.2018.23.3.117. Epub 2018 Sep 30.
Although genetic background is known to contribute to colon carcinogenesis, the exact etiology of the disease remains elusive. The organ's extensive interaction with microbes necessitated research on the role of microbiota on development of colon cancer. In this review, we summarized the defense mechanism of colon from foreign organism, and germ-free animal models that have been employed to elucidate microbial effect. We also comprehensively discussed the metabolic property of microbiota such as butyrate production, facilitation of heme toxicity, bile acid transformation, and nitrate reduction that has been shown to contribute to the development of the tumor. Finally, up-to-date subjects such as the effect of age and gender on microbiota are briefly discussed.
虽然已知遗传背景会促成结肠癌的发生，但该疾病的确切病因仍不清楚。由于该器官与微生物存在广泛的相互作用，因此有必要研究微生物群在结肠癌发展中的作用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了结肠对外来生物体的防御机制，以及用于阐明微生物效应的无菌动物模型。我们还全面讨论了微生物群的代谢特性，如丁酸盐的产生、血红素毒性的促进、胆汁酸转化和硝酸盐还原，这些都已被证明与肿瘤的发展有关。最后，简要讨论了年龄和性别对微生物群影响等最新研究课题。
