Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
NIAB EMR, New Road, East Malling, Kent ME19 6BJ, UK.
Plant Dis. 2019 Jan;103(1):117-124. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-02-18-0374-RE. Epub 2018 Nov 6.
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and C. acutatum have been reported to be causal agents of anthracnose disease of rubber tree. Recent investigations have shown that both C. gloeosporioides and C. acutatum are species complexes. The identities of Colletotrichum species causing anthracnose disease of rubber tree in Hainan, China, are unknown. In this study, 106 isolates obtained from rubber tree with symptoms of anthracnose were collected from 12 counties of Hainan and identified at the species complex level based on the ITS sequences and colony morphologies. Seventy-four isolates were identified as C. gloeosporioides species complex and the other 32 isolates as C. acutatum species complex. Forty-two isolates were selected for further multilocus phylogenetic analyses in order to identify the isolates to the species level. Twenty-six isolates from the C. gloeosporioides species complex were characterized for partial sequences of seven gene regions (ACT, TUB2, CHS-1, GAPDH, ITS, ApMat, and GS), and the other 16 isolates from the C. acutatum species complex for five gene regions (ACT, TUB2, CHS-1, GAPDH, and ITS). Three species were identified: C. siamense and C. fructicola from the C. gloeosporioides species complex, and a new species C. wanningense from the C. acutatum species complex. Artificial inoculation of rubber tree leaves confirmed the pathogenicity of the three species. The present study improves the understanding of species causing anthracnose on rubber tree and provides useful information for the effective control of the disease.
胶孢炭疽菌和尖孢炭疽菌已被报道为橡胶树炭疽病的病原菌。最近的调查表明，胶孢炭疽菌和尖孢炭疽菌都是种复合体。在中国海南引起橡胶树炭疽病的炭疽菌种的身份尚不清楚。在本研究中，从海南 12 个县具有炭疽病症状的橡胶树上采集了 106 个分离物，根据 ITS 序列和菌落形态在种复合体水平上进行了鉴定。74 个分离物被鉴定为胶孢炭疽菌种复合体，另 32 个分离物被鉴定为尖孢炭疽菌种复合体。为了将分离物鉴定到种水平，选择了 42 个分离物进行进一步的多基因座系统发育分析。从胶孢炭疽菌种复合体中选择了 26 个分离物进行 7 个基因区域（ACT、TUB2、CHS-1、GAPDH、ITS、ApMat 和 GS）的部分序列特征描述，而从尖孢炭疽菌种复合体中选择了 16 个分离物进行 5 个基因区域（ACT、TUB2、CHS-1、GAPDH 和 ITS）的部分序列特征描述。鉴定出了 3 个种：胶孢炭疽菌种复合体中的暹罗炭疽菌和甜果炭疽菌，以及尖孢炭疽菌种复合体中的新种万宁炭疽菌。橡胶树叶片的人工接种证实了这三个种的致病性。本研究提高了对橡胶树炭疽病病原菌种的认识，为该病的有效防治提供了有用信息。
