Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan.
United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2018 Nov 6;8(1):16397. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-34811-y.
Precise utilization of wild genetic resources to improve the resistance of their cultivated relatives to environmental growth limiting factors, such as salinity stress and diseases, requires a clear understanding of their genomic relationships. Although seriously criticized, analyzing these relationships in tribe Triticeae has largely been based on meiotic chromosome pairing in hybrids of wide crosses, a specialized and labourious strategy. In this study, DArTseq, an efficient genotyping-by-sequencing platform, was applied to analyze the genomes of 34 Triticeae species. We reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships among diploid and polyploid Aegilops and Triticum species, including hexaploid wheat. Tentatively, we have identified the diploid genomes that are likely to have been involved in the evolution of five polyploid species of Aegilops, which have remained unresolved for decades. Explanations which cast light on the progenitor of the A genomes and the complex genomic status of the B/G genomes of polyploid Triticum species in the Emmer and Timopheevi lineages of wheat have also been provided. This study has, therefore, demonstrated that DArTseq genotyping can be effectively applied to analyze the genomes of plants, especially where their genome sequence information are not available.
为了提高其栽培亲缘体对环境生长限制因子（如盐胁迫和疾病）的抗性，需要精确利用野生遗传资源，这就要求清楚了解它们的基因组关系。尽管受到严厉批评，但在族小麦族中分析这些关系在很大程度上是基于远缘杂交杂种的减数分裂染色体配对，这是一种专门且费力的策略。在这项研究中，高效的基于测序的基因型分析平台 DArTseq 被应用于分析 34 种小麦族物种的基因组。我们重建了包括六倍体小麦在内的二倍体和多倍体冰草属和小麦属物种的系统发育关系。我们暂时确定了可能参与五个冰草属多倍体物种进化的二倍体基因组，这些物种几十年来一直没有得到解决。还提供了关于 A 基因组的祖先以及小麦族的 Emmer 和 Timopheevi 谱系中多倍体小麦的 B/G 基因组复杂基因组状态的解释。因此，这项研究表明，DArTseq 基因分型可以有效地应用于分析植物的基因组，特别是在它们的基因组序列信息不可用时。
