Arenal Amilcar, García Yipsi, Quesada Lídice, Velázquez Dayamis, Sánchez Diamela, Peña Mayelin, Suárez Asnaldo, Díaz Arnielis, Sánchez Yuliet, Casaert Stijn, van Dijk Jan, Vercruysse Jozef, Charlier Johannes
Department of Morpho-Physiology, University of Camagüey Ignacio Agramonte Loynaz, Km 5 ½, 74650, Camagüey, Cuba.
Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium.
BMC Vet Res. 2018 Nov 8;14(1):336. doi: 10.1186/s12917-018-1654-2.
Worldwide, Fasciola hepatica infection causes high production losses in the livestock industry. Recently, studies have analyzed the association between measurements of F. hepatica infection intensity and herd management practices. The aim of the present study, the first of its kind in a subtropical region, was to evaluate associations between F. hepatica bulk-tank milk ELISA results with herd management factors and milk yield in dairy herds, in Camagüey, Cuba. The SVANOVIR® F. hepatica-AB ELISA was used to measure F. hepatica antibody levels in a random sample of 516 dairy herds during the period of May-July of 2014. Farm management practice data were collected using a questionnaire.
With 82% of the herds testing positive, the results indicate that F. hepatica is very widespread in this area. Reductions in milk production of 18 and 32% were observed in herds with Optical Density Ratios (ODR) of 0.3-0.6 and > 0.6, respectively, when compared to herds with ODR < 0.3. Overall, the longer the milking cows were put out to pasture, the higher the levels of anti-parasite antibodies. Co-grazing with sheep and goats also significantly increased the risk of high ODR.
Our data show a widespread occurrence of the parasite as well as a major potential impact of the infection on the Cuban development goal of becoming self-sufficient in milk production. Our risk factor analysis suggests that the prevention of infection around water sources, and the separation of cattle from small ruminants could be useful control measures. This is the first epidemiological survey of F. hepatica abundance, and associated reductions in milk yield, in dairy herds in Cuba.
在全球范围内，肝片吸虫感染给畜牧业造成了巨大的生产损失。最近，有研究分析了肝片吸虫感染强度测量值与畜群管理措施之间的关联。本研究是在亚热带地区开展的同类研究中的首个，旨在评估古巴卡马圭奶牛场肝片吸虫大容量罐奶ELISA检测结果与畜群管理因素及产奶量之间的关联。2014年5月至7月期间，使用SVANOVIR®肝片吸虫AB ELISA对516个奶牛场的随机样本进行检测，以测量肝片吸虫抗体水平。通过问卷调查收集农场管理措施数据。
82%的畜群检测呈阳性，结果表明肝片吸虫在该地区非常普遍。与光密度比（ODR）<0.3的畜群相比，ODR为0.3 - 0.6和>0.6的畜群产奶量分别下降了18%和32%。总体而言，奶牛放牧时间越长，抗寄生虫抗体水平越高。与绵羊和山羊共同放牧也显著增加了ODR高的风险。
我们的数据显示该寄生虫广泛存在，并且感染对古巴实现牛奶生产自给自足的发展目标具有重大潜在影响。我们的风险因素分析表明，预防水源周围的感染以及将牛与小反刍动物分开可能是有效的控制措施。这是古巴奶牛场肝片吸虫感染情况及其导致产奶量下降的首次流行病学调查。
