School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin, 300070, China.
State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
J Dent. 2019 Jan;80:15-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.11.003. Epub 2018 Nov 10.
This study investigated the effect of CMC/ACP on oral bacteria adherence and biofilm formation on the enamel surface as well as the underlying mechanism to determine the anti-cariogenic potential of CMC/ACP.
A mineral solution of CMC/ACP was characterised by transmission electron microscope. The bactericidal activity of CMC/ACP was evaluated with the plate count method. An in vitro biofilm model was established on saliva-coated enamel blocks; the effect of CMC/ACP on the adherence of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus gordonii to and biofilm formation on these blocks, as well as co-aggregation of Fusobacterium nucleatum was assessed by scanning electron microscopy, crystal violet staining, and confocal microscopy. Bacterial surface charge was estimated with the cytochrome c binding assay and by zeta potential measurement.
CMC/ACP nanocomplexes inhibited S. mutans and S. gordonii adherence to enamel blocks by 90% and 86% (P < 0.01), respectively, and biofilm formation by 45% and 44% (P < 0.01), respectively, after 24 h without bactericidal activity. CMC/ACP reduced F. nucleatum attachment to streptococcal biofilm by 75% (P < 0.01) while also altering cytochrome c binding to bacteria and reducing the zeta potential of the bacterial suspension.
CMC/ACP nanocomplexes inhibit cariogenic bacterial adherence, co-adhesion, and biofilm formation on the enamel surface, possibly by altering bacterial surface charge and enhancing the flocculation effect. As an agent that promotes remineralisation and has anti-cariogenic effects, CMC/ACP can be used to prevent and treat early caries and white spot lesions.
本研究旨在探讨 CMC/ACP 对釉质表面口腔细菌黏附及生物膜形成的影响及其潜在的抗龋机制。
采用透射电子显微镜对 CMC/ACP 矿化液进行表征。采用平板计数法评价 CMC/ACP 的杀菌活性。在唾液包被的釉质块上建立体外生物膜模型，通过扫描电子显微镜、结晶紫染色和共聚焦显微镜评估 CMC/ACP 对变形链球菌和戈登链球菌黏附及生物膜形成的影响，以及对核梭杆菌共聚的影响。采用细胞色素 c 结合试验和zeta 电位测量来评估细菌表面电荷。
CMC/ACP 纳米复合物在 24 h 时对釉质块上的变形链球菌和戈登链球菌的黏附抑制率分别为 90%和 86%（P<0.01），对生物膜形成的抑制率分别为 45%和 44%（P<0.01），而无杀菌活性。CMC/ACP 降低了核梭杆菌对链球菌生物膜的黏附率 75%（P<0.01），同时改变了细菌对细胞色素 c 的结合，降低了细菌悬浮液的 zeta 电位。
CMC/ACP 纳米复合物通过改变细菌表面电荷和增强絮凝作用，抑制致龋菌在釉质表面的黏附、共聚和生物膜形成。作为一种促进再矿化和具有抗龋作用的药物，CMC/ACP 可用于预防和治疗早期龋病和白垩斑。
