Diet Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Northeast Area, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
Microbiome Analysis Center, George Mason University, Science & Technology Campus, Manassas, VA 20108, USA.
Nutrients. 2018 Nov 9;10(11):1721. doi: 10.3390/nu10111721.
A study was designed to determine the potential prebiotic effect of dietary mushrooms on the host immune response, and intestinal microbiota composition and function. Thirty-one six-week-old pigs were fed a pig grower diet alone or supplemented with either three or six servings of freeze-dried white button (WB)-mushrooms for six weeks. Host immune response was evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and alveolar macrophages (AM) after stimulation with -Lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Isolated DNA from fecal and proximal colon contents were used for 16S rDNA taxonomic analysis and linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) to determine bacterial abundance and metabolic function. Pigs gained weight with no difference in body composition or intestinal permeability. Feeding mushrooms reduced LPS-induced gene expression in AM ( < 0.05) with no change in LPS-stimulated PBMC or the intestinal mucosa transcriptome. LEfSe indicated increases in , within the order Clostridiales with a shift in bacterial carbohydrate metabolism and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in the mushroom-fed pigs. These results suggested that feeding WB mushrooms significantly reduced the LPS-induced inflammatory response in AM and positively modulated the host microbiota metabolism by increasing the abundance of Clostridiales taxa that are associated with improved intestinal health.
本研究旨在确定膳食蘑菇对宿主免疫反应、肠道微生物群落组成和功能的潜在益生元作用。将 31 头 6 周龄的猪单独喂食生长猪日粮或补充 3 或 6 份冻干白蘑菇，持续 6 周。用脂多糖（LPS）刺激外周血单核细胞（PBMC）和肺泡巨噬细胞（AM）后，评估宿主免疫反应。使用粪便和近端结肠内容物中的分离 DNA 进行 16S rDNA 分类分析和线性判别分析效应大小（LEfSe），以确定细菌丰度和代谢功能。蘑菇喂养的猪体重增加，身体成分或肠道通透性没有差异。喂养蘑菇可降低 AM 中 LPS 诱导的基因表达（<0.05），而 LPS 刺激的 PBMC 或肠粘膜转录组没有变化。LEfSe 表明，在梭菌目中，与改善肠道健康相关的梭菌属丰度增加，细菌碳水化合物代谢和次生代谢物生物合成发生转变。这些结果表明，喂食白蘑菇可显著降低 LPS 诱导的 AM 中炎症反应，并通过增加与改善肠道健康相关的梭菌属丰度，积极调节宿主微生物群落代谢。
