Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK; Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin, Institute for Advanced Study, Wallotstrasse 19, 14193, Berlin, Germany.
School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
Trends Ecol Evol. 2018 Dec;33(12):916-925. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2018.09.012. Epub 2018 Oct 24.
The field of ecology has focused on understanding characteristics of natural systems in a manner as free as possible from biases of human observers. However, demand is growing for knowledge of human-nature interactions at the level of individual people. This is particularly driven by concerns around human health consequences due to changes in positive and negative interactions. This requires attention to the biased ways in which people encounter and experience other organisms. Here we define such a 'personalised ecology', and discuss its connections to other aspects of the field. We propose a framework of focal research topics, shaped by whether the unit of analysis is a single person, a single population, or multiple populations, and whether a human or nature perspective is foremost.
生态学领域一直致力于在尽可能不受人类观察者偏见影响的情况下，理解自然系统的特征。然而，人们对个体层面上人类与自然相互作用的知识的需求也在不断增长。这主要是由于人们对积极和消极相互作用变化对人类健康造成的影响感到担忧。这就需要关注人们遇到和体验其他生物的有偏见的方式。在这里，我们定义了这样一种“个性化生态学”，并讨论了它与该领域其他方面的联系。我们提出了一个由分析单位是一个人、一个种群还是多个种群，以及人类视角还是自然视角为主导的焦点研究课题框架。
