Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2019 Mar 1;43(2):123-144. doi: 10.1093/femsre/fuy043.
Klebsiella species cause a wide range of diseases including pneumonia, urinary tract infections (UTIs), bloodstream infections and sepsis. These infections are particularly a problem among neonates, elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Klebsiella is also responsible for a significant number of community-acquired infections. A defining feature of these infections is their morbidity and mortality, and the Klebsiella strains associated with them are considered hypervirulent. The increasing isolation of multidrug-resistant strains has significantly narrowed, or in some settings completely removed, the therapeutic options for the treatment of Klebsiella infections. Not surprisingly, this pathogen has then been singled out as an 'urgent threat to human health' by several organisations. This review summarises the tremendous progress that has been made to uncover the sophisticated immune evasion strategies of K. pneumoniae. The co-evolution of Klebsiella in response to the challenge of an activated immune has made Klebsiella a formidable pathogen exploiting stealth strategies and actively suppressing innate immune defences to overcome host responses to survive in the tissues. A better understanding of Klebsiella immune evasion strategies in the context of the host-pathogen interactions is pivotal to develop new therapeutics, which can be based on antagonising the anti-immune strategies of this pathogen.
肺炎克雷伯菌可引起多种疾病，包括肺炎、尿路感染（UTI）、血流感染和败血症。这些感染在新生儿、老年人和免疫功能低下者中尤为常见。肺炎克雷伯菌也是许多社区获得性感染的罪魁祸首。这些感染的一个显著特征是其发病率和死亡率，而与之相关的肺炎克雷伯菌菌株被认为是高毒力的。越来越多的耐多药菌株的分离，显著缩小了（在某些情况下完全消除了）治疗肺炎克雷伯菌感染的治疗选择。毫不奇怪，该病原体已被几个组织列为“对人类健康的紧急威胁”。这篇综述总结了在揭示肺炎克雷伯菌复杂的免疫逃避策略方面所取得的巨大进展。为了应对激活的免疫系统的挑战，肺炎克雷伯菌与免疫系统协同进化，使肺炎克雷伯菌成为一种强大的病原体，它利用隐蔽策略，积极抑制先天免疫防御，以克服宿主对生存于组织中的反应。更好地了解宿主-病原体相互作用中肺炎克雷伯菌的免疫逃避策略，对于开发新的治疗方法至关重要，这些方法可以基于对抗这种病原体的免疫抑制策略。
