Nielsen Annette Cleveland, Rotger-Griful Sergi, Kanstrup Anne Marie, Laplante-Lévesque Ariane
Eriksholm Research Centre, Oticon A/S, Snekkersten, Denmark.
Department of Planning, the Technical Faculty of IT and Design, Aalborg University, Denmark.
Am J Audiol. 2018 Nov 19;27(3S):403-416. doi: 10.1044/2018_AJA-IMIA3-18-0009.
The successful design and innovation of eHealth solutions directly involve end users in the process to seek a better understanding of their needs. This article presents user-innovated eHealth solutions targeting older persons with hearing impairment. Our research question was: What are the key users' needs, expectations, and visions within future hearing rehabilitation service delivery?
We applied a participatory design approach to facilitate the design of future eHealth solutions via focus groups. We involved older persons with hearing impairment (n = 36), significant others (n = 10), and audiologists (n = 8) following 2 methods: (a) human-centered design for interactive systems and (b) user innovation management. Through 3 rounds of focus groups, we facilitated a process progressing from insights and visions for requirements (Phase 1), to app such as paper version wireframes (Phase 2), and to digital prototypes envisioning future eHealth solutions (Phase 3). Each focus group was video-recorded and photographed, resulting in a rich data set that was analyzed through inductive thematic analysis.
The results are presented via (a) a storyboard envisioning future client journeys, (b) 3 key themes for future eHealth solutions, (c) 4 levels of interest and willingness to invest time and effort in digital solutions, and (d) 2 technical savviness types and their different preferences for rehabilitation strategies.
Future eHealth solutions must offer personalized rehabilitation strategies that are appropriate for every person with hearing impairment and their level of technical savviness. Thus, a central requirement is anchoring of digital support in the clients' everyday life situations by facilitating easy access to personalized information, communication, and learning milieus. Moreover, the participants' visions for eHealth solutions call for providing both traditional analogue and digital services.
电子健康解决方案的成功设计与创新直接让终端用户参与到过程中，以更好地了解他们的需求。本文介绍了针对有听力障碍的老年人的用户创新型电子健康解决方案。我们的研究问题是：在未来听力康复服务提供中，关键用户的需求、期望和愿景是什么？
我们采用参与式设计方法，通过焦点小组来推动未来电子健康解决方案的设计。我们让有听力障碍的老年人（n = 36）、重要他人（n = 10）和听力学家（n = 8）参与，采用两种方法：（a）交互式系统的以人为本设计和（b）用户创新管理。通过三轮焦点小组，我们推动了一个从需求的洞察和愿景（第1阶段），到诸如纸质版线框图之类的应用程序（第2阶段），再到设想未来电子健康解决方案的数字原型（第3阶段）的过程。每个焦点小组都进行了录像和拍照，从而形成了一个丰富的数据集，并通过归纳主题分析进行分析。
结果通过以下方式呈现：（a）一个设想未来客户旅程的故事板，（b）未来电子健康解决方案的3个关键主题，（c）对数字解决方案投入时间和精力的4个兴趣和意愿水平，以及（d）2种技术熟练程度类型及其对康复策略的不同偏好。
未来的电子健康解决方案必须提供适合每个有听力障碍的人及其技术熟练程度的个性化康复策略。因此，一个核心要求是通过便于获取个性化信息、通信和学习环境，将数字支持融入客户的日常生活情境中。此外，参与者对电子健康解决方案的愿景要求同时提供传统的模拟和数字服务。
