Bloom Jonathan B, Stern Michael, Patel Neel H, Zhang Michael, Phillips John L
Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Department of Urology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.
Transl Androl Urol. 2018 Oct;7(5):879-886. doi: 10.21037/tau.2018.08.01.
Penile cancer (PC) is a relatively rare malignancy in the United States (US) but a greater concern in developing nations. Lymph node imaging remains critical to the staging and treatment of this disease as metastases develop in a predictable, anatomic fashion. Early surgical intervention remains a mainstay in treatment and imaging often aids in decision making. This review highlights the indications for imaging in both low-stage and advanced disease. Furthermore, we discuss the benefits and limitations of currently available imaging for staging of inguinal and pelvic lymph nodes in PC and novel modalities in development.
阴茎癌（PC）在美国是一种相对罕见的恶性肿瘤，但在发展中国家却是一个更受关注的问题。淋巴结成像对于该疾病的分期和治疗仍然至关重要，因为转移以可预测的解剖方式发生。早期手术干预仍然是治疗的主要手段，而成像通常有助于决策。本综述重点介绍了低分期和晚期疾病中成像的指征。此外，我们讨论了目前可用的成像在阴茎癌腹股沟和盆腔淋巴结分期中的益处和局限性，以及正在开发的新方法。
