Neurology Imaging Unit, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
Imperial Memory Unit, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College London, London W6 8RF, UK.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Nov 22;19(12):3702. doi: 10.3390/ijms19123702.
Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia and is a significant burden for affected patients, carers, and health systems. Great advances have been made in understanding its pathophysiology, to a point that we are moving from a purely clinical diagnosis to a biological one based on the use of biomarkers. Among those, imaging biomarkers are invaluable in Alzheimer's, as they provide an in vivo window to the pathological processes occurring in Alzheimer's brain. While some imaging techniques are still under evaluation in the research setting, some have reached widespread clinical use. In this review, we provide an overview of the most commonly used imaging biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease, from molecular PET imaging to structural MRI, emphasising the concept that multimodal imaging would likely prove to be the optimal tool in the future of Alzheimer's research and clinical practice.
阿尔茨海默病是最常见的痴呆症形式，给患者、照护者和医疗系统都带来了巨大负担。人们在理解其病理生理学方面已经取得了重大进展，从纯粹基于临床的诊断，发展到基于生物标志物的诊断。在这些生物标志物中，影像生物标志物在阿尔茨海默病中具有重要价值，因为它们为我们提供了一个活体窗口，使我们能够观察到阿尔茨海默病大脑中发生的病理过程。虽然一些影像技术仍在研究环境中进行评估，但也有一些已广泛应用于临床。在这篇综述中，我们概述了阿尔茨海默病中最常用的影像生物标志物，从分子 PET 成像到结构 MRI，强调了多模态影像可能会成为未来阿尔茨海默病研究和临床实践的最佳工具这一概念。
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