Loya Julio C
University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
Hisp Health Care Int. 2018 Dec;16(4):174-188. doi: 10.1177/1540415318809427. Epub 2018 Nov 25.
Physical activity (PA) has demonstrated substantial physical and psychological benefits. However, Hispanics engage in less leisure-time PA when compared with other groups, putting them at higher risk for diseases associated with obesity, such as diabetes mellitus type 2. This literature review was conducted to identify best practices with regard to interventions designed to increase PA among Hispanic adults.
Extensive searching located 21 randomized controlled studies conducted in the United States.
Common conceptual frameworks were the transtheoretical model and social cognitive theory. Most interventions used educational sessions with a variety of topics and many used to increase PA. Outcomes were predominantly examined using self-report PA measures. Walking was the most commonly reported PA behavior. Studies with significant results were those that measured moderate-to-vigorous PA and used theory to guide interventions. Male and older participants were underrepresented.
Effective culturally appropriate PA interventions for Hispanics adults are needed. Particular attention to intervention tailoring based on country of origin could enhance intervention effectiveness.
体育活动已展现出诸多生理和心理益处。然而，与其他群体相比，西班牙裔人群进行的休闲时间体育活动较少，这使他们患与肥胖相关疾病（如2型糖尿病）的风险更高。进行本次文献综述旨在确定针对增加西班牙裔成年人体育活动的干预措施的最佳实践方法。
广泛检索后找到了在美国开展的21项随机对照研究。
常见的概念框架是跨理论模型和社会认知理论。大多数干预措施采用了涵盖各种主题的教育课程，许多措施旨在增加体育活动。结果主要通过自我报告的体育活动测量方法进行检验。步行是最常报告的体育活动行为。取得显著成果的研究是那些测量中等到剧烈体育活动并运用理论指导干预措施的研究。男性和老年参与者的代表性不足。
需要针对西班牙裔成年人开展有效的、符合文化背景的体育活动干预措施。特别关注根据原籍国进行干预措施的调整可能会提高干预效果。
