Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Section of Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy.
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2018 Nov 26;16(1):115. doi: 10.1186/s12958-018-0436-9.
Male infertility is a widespread condition among couples. In about 50% of cases, couple infertility is attributable to the male partner, mainly due to a failure in spermatogenesis. In recent times, the crucial role that modifiable lifestyle factors play in the development of infertility have generated a growing interest in this field of study, i.e. aging, psychological stress, nutrition, physical activity, caffeine, high scrotal temperature, hot water, mobile telephone use. Several studies have investigated associations between semen quality and the presence of lifestyle stressors i.e. occupational, life events (war, earthquake, etc.) or couple infertility; overall, these studies provide evidence that semen quality is impaired by psychological stress. In this review, we will discuss the impact of quality of life (modifiable lifestyle factors) and psychological stress on male fertility. In addition, the role that increased scrotal temperature along with inappropriate nutritional and physical exercise attitudes exert on male fertility will be presented.
The decline of male fertility, particularly associated with advancing age, incorrect lifestyles and environmental factors plays an important role on natality, and its consequences on the future on human population makes this an important public health issue in this century. Thus, modification of lifestyle through a structured program of educational, environmental, nutritional/physical exercise and psychological support, combined with the use of nutraceutical antioxidants can prevent infertility and therefore, may help couples to obtain better quality of life and improved possibility to conceive spontaneously or optimize their chances of conception.
男性不育症是夫妇中普遍存在的一种病症。在大约 50%的病例中，夫妇不育归因于男性伴侣，主要是由于精子发生失败。最近，可改变的生活方式因素在不育症发展中的关键作用引起了人们对这一研究领域的兴趣，即衰老、心理压力、营养、身体活动、咖啡因、阴囊高温、热水、移动电话的使用。一些研究调查了精液质量与生活方式压力（如职业、生活事件（战争、地震等）或夫妇不育）之间的相关性；总的来说，这些研究表明心理压力会损害精液质量。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论生活质量（可改变的生活方式因素）和心理压力对男性生育能力的影响。此外，还将介绍阴囊温度升高以及不适当的营养和身体锻炼态度对男性生育能力的影响。
男性生育能力的下降，特别是与年龄增长、不正确的生活方式和环境因素相关的下降，对出生率有重要影响，其对未来人类人口的影响使得这成为本世纪一个重要的公共卫生问题。因此，通过结构化的教育、环境、营养/身体锻炼和心理支持计划来改变生活方式，结合使用营养抗氧化剂，可以预防不育症，从而帮助夫妇提高生活质量，并提高自然受孕的可能性或优化受孕机会。
