神经祖细胞的未来。

Future of Muse Cells.

机构信息

W. M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.

出版信息

Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1103:309-315. doi: 10.1007/978-4-431-56847-6_18.

Abstract

Discovered nearly 10 years ago by Professor Mari Dezawa and her colleagues, Muse cells are entering clinical trials faster than any other stem cell for three reasons. First, Muse cells have multiple fail-safe mechanisms to keep themselves from growing out of control and do not form tumors. In contrast, embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells form tumors and must be differentiated before transplantation. Second, Muse cells possess potent anti-immune mechanisms, including human leukocyte antigen G and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase that prevent both cellular and humoral immunity. Muse cells engraft even though they do not match HLA antigens with the host. Third, Muse cells are able to determine what kind and how many cells they need to make for tissue repair. While the mechanisms responsible for these traits are not well understood, Muse cells are able to enter severely injured tissues of all kinds and repair them. Study of mechanisms underlying these traits of Muse cells is likely to yield new therapies for cancer prevention, autoimmune diseases, and repair of injured tissues. The future is bright for Muse cells.

摘要

近 10 年前，Mari Dezawa 教授及其同事发现了 Muse 细胞，由于三个原因，Muse 细胞比任何其他干细胞都更快地进入临床试验。首先，Muse 细胞有多种故障安全机制来防止自身失控生长，并且不会形成肿瘤。相比之下，胚胎干细胞和诱导多能干细胞形成肿瘤，并且在移植前必须进行分化。其次，Muse 细胞具有强大的抗免疫机制，包括人类白细胞抗原 G 和吲哚胺 2,3-双加氧酶，可防止细胞和体液免疫。尽管 Muse 细胞与宿主的 HLA 抗原不匹配，但仍能进行嵌合。第三，Muse 细胞能够确定它们需要制造多少种细胞来进行组织修复。虽然这些特性的机制尚不清楚，但 Muse 细胞能够进入各种严重受损的组织并进行修复。对 Muse 细胞这些特性的机制的研究很可能为癌症预防、自身免疫性疾病和受损组织的修复带来新的治疗方法。Muse 细胞的未来一片光明。