Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Centre Pretoria, South Africa.
Natural Products Research Centre, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-Do, Republic of Korea.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2019 Mar 1;231:363-373. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.11.034. Epub 2018 Nov 26.
Twenty South African medicinal plant species were selected by conducting a literature review based on the relevant information of their reported traditional medicinal uses and scientific reports against Alzheimer's disease, dementia, anxiety, mental illness, depression, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, headache, epilepsy, convulsion, hysteria, and sedative effects.
The goal of this study was to investigate the biological activity of the traditionally used medicinal plant extracts against Alzheimer's disease by in vitro screening of the extracts to determine their potential to decrease levels of Aβ42 protein.
Different plant parts (leaves, stem, bark, and stalks) of twenty selected plants were collected from the Manie van der Schijff Botanical Garden, University of Pretoria. Plant parts were dried, ground and then extracted using DCM:MeOH (1:1). We measured the levels of β-amyloid precursor protein proteolytic products in HeLa cells stably transfected with APP carrying the Swedish mutation using ELISA.
Of 33 plant extract 10 (30.3%) were found active based on the potential to significantly reduce the production of Aβ42. Amongst them extracts of leaves of Xysmalobium undulatum (Apocynaceae), leaves of Cussonia paniculata (Araliaceae) and leaves of Schotia brachypetala (Fabaceae) potently decreased the production of Aβ42 by 77.3 ± 0.5%, 57.5 ± 1.3%, and 44.8 ± 0.1%, respectively. X. undulatum and S. brachypetala enhanced non-amyloidogenic processing of β-amyloid precursor protein, thereby decreasing Aβ42 level. We also showed that C. paniculata induced the decrease of Aβ42 level through inhibiting APP processing. In addition, we isolated two cardenolides, compound [A] and [B], from X. undulatum and found that they potently decreased the Aβ42 production.
These data suggest that the extract of X. undulatum, C. paniculata, and S. brachypetala have potential to be developed for Alzheimer's disease treatment. These active extracts and compounds are considered for further studies which examine their efficacy towards the reduction of Aβ42 through inhibiting APP process.
基于传统药用用途和针对阿尔茨海默病、痴呆、焦虑、精神疾病、抑郁、乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制、头痛、癫痫、惊厥、歇斯底里和镇静作用的科学报告的文献综述，选择了 20 种南非药用植物物种。
本研究的目的是通过体外筛选提取物来研究传统使用的药用植物提取物对阿尔茨海默病的生物活性，以确定其降低 Aβ42 蛋白水平的潜力。
从比勒陀利亚大学 Manie van der Schijff 植物园采集了 20 种选定植物的不同植物部位（叶、茎、树皮和茎）。将植物部分干燥、粉碎，然后用 DCM：MeOH（1：1）提取。我们使用 ELISA 测量稳定转染具有瑞典突变的 APP 的 HeLa 细胞中β-淀粉样前体蛋白裂解产物的水平。
基于显著降低 Aβ42 产生的潜力，33 种植物提取物中有 10 种（30.3%）被发现具有活性。其中，Xysmalobium undulatum（夹竹桃科）叶、Cussonia paniculata（伞形科）叶和 Schotia brachypetala（豆科）叶的提取物分别强力降低 Aβ42 的产生 77.3±0.5%、57.5±1.3%和 44.8±0.1%。X. undulatum 和 S. brachypetala 增强了β-淀粉样前体蛋白的非淀粉样生成加工，从而降低了 Aβ42 水平。我们还表明，C. paniculata 通过抑制 APP 加工诱导 Aβ42 水平下降。此外，我们从 X. undulatum 中分离出两种强心苷化合物[A]和[B]，发现它们强烈降低了 Aβ42 的产生。
这些数据表明，X. undulatum、C. paniculata 和 S. brachypetala 的提取物具有开发用于治疗阿尔茨海默病的潜力。这些活性提取物和化合物将进一步研究，以检查它们通过抑制 APP 过程降低 Aβ42 的功效。
