Department of Biomedical Engineering , University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260 , United States.
School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering , Washington State University , Pullman , Washington 99164 , United States.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2018 Dec 26;10(51):44231-44239. doi: 10.1021/acsami.8b14944. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
Glutathione is overexpressed in tumor cells and regulates cancer growth, metastasis, and drug resistance. Therefore, detecting glutathione levels may greatly facilitate cancer diagnosis and treatment response monitoring. Photoacoustic (PA) imaging is a noninvasive modality for high-sensitivity, high-resolution, deep-tissue optical imaging. Switchable PA probes that offer signal on/off responses to tumor targets would further improve the detection sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of PA imaging. Here, we explore the use of MnO nanotubes as a switchable and biodegradable PA probe for dynamic imaging of glutathione in cancer. Glutathione reduces black MnO nanotubes into colorless Mn ions, leading to decreased and signal off PA amplitude. In phantoms, we observed a linear response of reduced PA signals of MnO nanotubes to increased glutathione concentrations. Using melanoma as the disease model, we demonstrated that MnO nanotube-based PA imaging of glutathione successfully distinguished B16F10 melanoma cells from BEAS-2B normal cells and discriminated B16F10 tumors from healthy skin tissues. Our results showed that MnO nanotubes are a potent switchable and biodegradable PA probe for glutathione imaging in cancer diagnosis.
谷胱甘肽在肿瘤细胞中过度表达，调节癌症的生长、转移和耐药性。因此，检测谷胱甘肽水平可能极大地促进癌症的诊断和治疗反应监测。光声（PA）成像是一种用于高灵敏度、高分辨率、深层组织光学成像的非侵入性方式。对肿瘤靶标具有信号开/关响应的可切换 PA 探针将进一步提高 PA 成像的检测灵敏度和信噪比。在这里，我们探索了使用 MnO 纳米管作为一种可切换和可生物降解的 PA 探针，用于癌症中谷胱甘肽的动态成像。谷胱甘肽将黑色的 MnO 纳米管还原为无色的 Mn 离子，导致 PA 振幅降低和信号关闭。在体模中，我们观察到 MnO 纳米管的还原 PA 信号与谷胱甘肽浓度的增加呈线性关系。使用黑色素瘤作为疾病模型，我们证明了基于 MnO 纳米管的 PA 成像能够成功地区分 B16F10 黑色素瘤细胞和 BEAS-2B 正常细胞，并区分 B16F10 肿瘤和健康皮肤组织。我们的结果表明，MnO 纳米管是一种用于癌症诊断中谷胱甘肽成像的有效可切换和可生物降解的 PA 探针。
