Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA.
Plant, Soil and Nutrition Laboratory, Agricultural Research Services, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2019 Feb;124:112-127. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.11.048. Epub 2018 Nov 29.
Nano-sized zinc oxide (ZnO) is present in food packaging, putting consumers at risk of ingestion. There is little information on the amount of ZnO nanoparticles (NP) present in food packaging and the effects of ZnO NP ingestion on intestinal function. To estimate physiologically relevant ZnO NP exposures from food that are commonly packaged with ZnO NP, food samples were analyzed with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). An in vitro model of the small intestine was used to investigate the effects of ZnO NP exposure. Cells were exposed to pristine NP in culture medium and to NP subjected to an in vitro digestion process to better reflect the transformation that the NP undergo in the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The findings show that a physiologically relevant dose of ZnO NP can cause a significant decrease in glucose transport, which is consistent with gene expression changes for the basolateral glucose transporter GLUT2. There is also evidence that the ZnO NP affect the microvilli of the intestinal cells, therefore reducing the amount of surface area available to absorb nutrients. These results suggest that the ingestion of ZnO NP can alter nutrient absorption in an in vitro model of the human small intestine.
纳米氧化锌（ZnO）存在于食品包装中，使消费者面临摄入的风险。目前关于食品包装中存在的氧化锌纳米颗粒（NP）的数量以及摄入 ZnO NP 对肠道功能的影响的信息很少。为了估算通常与 ZnO NP 一起包装的食品中与生理相关的 ZnO NP 暴露量，使用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）对食品样品进行了分析。使用小肠的体外模型研究了 ZnO NP 暴露的影响。将细胞暴露于培养基中的原始 NP 和经过体外消化处理的 NP 中，以更好地反映 NP 在人体胃肠道（GI）道中发生的转化。研究结果表明，生理相关剂量的 ZnO NP 可导致葡萄糖转运显着减少，这与基底外侧葡萄糖转运体 GLUT2 的基因表达变化一致。还有证据表明，ZnO NP 会影响肠细胞的微绒毛，从而减少吸收营养物质的可用表面积。这些结果表明，摄入 ZnO NP 可以在人体小肠的体外模型中改变营养物质的吸收。
