Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.
J Exp Med. 2019 Jan 7;216(1):60-70. doi: 10.1084/jem.20180199. Epub 2018 Nov 30.
Recent advances have directed our knowledge of the immune system from a narrative of "self" versus "nonself" to one in which immune function is critical for homeostasis of organs throughout the body. This is also the case with respect to the central nervous system (CNS). CNS immunity exists in a segregated state, with a marked partition occurring between the brain parenchyma and meningeal spaces. While the brain parenchyma is patrolled by perivascular macrophages and microglia, the meningeal spaces are supplied with a diverse immune repertoire. In this review, we posit that such partition allows for neuro-immune crosstalk to be properly tuned. Convention may imply that meningeal immunity is an ominous threat to brain function; however, recent studies have shown that its presence may instead be a steady hand directing the CNS to optimal performance.
最近的进展使我们对免疫系统的认识从“自我”与“非我”的叙述转向了一个观点，即免疫功能对于全身器官的内稳态至关重要。中枢神经系统（CNS）也是如此。CNS 免疫存在于隔离状态，大脑实质和脑膜空间之间存在明显的分隔。虽然大脑实质由血管周围巨噬细胞和小胶质细胞巡逻，但脑膜空间则供应着多样化的免疫 repertoire。在这篇综述中，我们假设这种分隔允许神经免疫串扰得到适当的调节。传统上可能认为脑膜免疫对大脑功能是一种威胁；然而，最近的研究表明，它的存在可能是一种稳定的力量，引导中枢神经系统达到最佳性能。
