Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany.
Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Nat Neurosci. 2019 Jan;22(1):7-14. doi: 10.1038/s41593-018-0286-y. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
Astrocytes, microglia, and tanycytes play active roles in the regulation of hypothalamic feeding circuits. These non-neuronal cells are crucial in determining the functional interactions of specific neuronal subpopulations involved in the control of metabolism. Recent advances in biology, optics, genetics, and pharmacology have resulted in the emergence of novel and highly sophisticated approaches for studying hypothalamic neuronal-glial networks. Here we summarize the progress in the field and argue that glial-neuronal interactions provide a core hub integrating food-related cues, interoceptive signals, and internal states to adapt a complex set of physiological responses operating on different timescales to finely tune behavior and metabolism according to metabolic status. This expanding knowledge helps to redefine our understanding of the physiology of food intake and energy metabolism.
星形胶质细胞、小胶质细胞和室管膜细胞在调节下丘脑摄食回路中发挥着积极作用。这些非神经元细胞在确定参与代谢控制的特定神经元亚群的功能相互作用方面至关重要。生物学、光学、遗传学和药理学的最新进展催生了研究下丘脑神经元-胶质网络的新颖而高度复杂的方法。在这里，我们总结了该领域的进展，并认为胶质-神经元相互作用提供了一个核心枢纽，整合了与食物相关的线索、内脏感觉信号和内部状态，以适应一系列复杂的生理反应，这些反应在不同的时间尺度上运作，根据代谢状态精细地调节行为和代谢。这些不断增加的知识有助于重新定义我们对食物摄入和能量代谢生理学的理解。
