Dierks Marie-Luise, Kofahl Christopher
Institut für Epidemiologie, Sozialmedizin und Gesundheitssystemforschung, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, OE 5410, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland.
Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Institut für Medizinische Soziologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2019 Jan;62(1):17-25. doi: 10.1007/s00103-018-2857-1.
Health literacy has recently been put on the health policy agenda in Germany, triggered by several recent studies that show that more than half of the German population has difficulties in finding, understanding, appraising and applying health information. Respective statistics reflect these individual difficulties and point at user preferences and competencies being inadequately considered and responded to by the healthcare system. Among other measures to improve this situation, a national action plan on health literacy was launched in 2018, which explicitly addresses self-help groups and self-help organisations repeatedly as an important player in promoting health literacy on individual and organisational levels.This article discusses the relevance of the underlying and guiding concept of empowerment in mutual self-help and concludes that fostering health literacy was and still is a cornerstone in health-related self-help from the very beginning - just without using this term. Based on results from surveys, we show how those participating members of self-help groups increase their health literacy, and how educative, supportive and advisory tasks for self-help groups and organisations emerge from these developments. Thereupon, the specific role of mutual self-help becomes evident for, specifically, the individual daily life dimensions of health literacy.
健康素养最近被提上了德国的卫生政策议程，这是由最近的几项研究引发的，这些研究表明，超过一半的德国人口在查找、理解、评估和应用健康信息方面存在困难。相应的统计数据反映了这些个人困难，并指出医疗保健系统没有充分考虑和回应用户的偏好和能力。为改善这种情况采取的其他措施包括，2018年启动了一项关于健康素养的国家行动计划，该计划多次明确提及自助团体和自助组织，将其视为在个人和组织层面促进健康素养的重要参与者。本文讨论了相互自助中赋权这一基本和指导概念的相关性，并得出结论，促进健康素养从一开始就是与健康相关的自助的基石——只是当时没有使用这个术语。基于调查结果，我们展示了自助团体的参与成员如何提高他们的健康素养，以及这些发展如何产生了对自助团体和组织的教育、支持和咨询任务。于是，相互自助的具体作用在健康素养的个人日常生活层面上变得明显。
