Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Rev Med Virol. 2019 Mar;29(2):e2024. doi: 10.1002/rmv.2024. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
Respiratory infections, especially those of the lower respiratory tract, remain a foremost cause of mortality and morbidity of children greater than 5 years in developing countries including Pakistan. Ignoring these acute-level infections may lead to complications. Particularly in Pakistan, respiratory infections account for 20% to 30% of all deaths of children. Even though these infections are common, insufficiency of accessible data hinders development of a comprehensive summary of the problem. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence rate in various regions of Pakistan and also to recognize the existing viral strains responsible for viral respiratory infections through published data. Respiratory viruses are detected more frequently among rural dwellers in Pakistan. Lower tract infections are found to be more lethal. The associated pathogens comprise respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), coronavirus, enterovirus/rhinovirus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, adenovirus, and human bocavirus. RSV is more dominant and can be subtyped as RSV-A and RSV-B (BA-9, BA-10, and BA-13). Influenza A (H1N1, H5N1, H3N2, and H1N1pdm09) and Influenza B are common among the Pakistani population. Generally, these strains are detected in a seasonal pattern with a high incidence during spring and winter time. The data presented include pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and influenza. This paper aims to emphasise the need for standard methods to record the incidence and etiology of associated pathogens in order to provide effective treatment against viral infections of the respiratory tract and to reduce death rates.
呼吸道感染，尤其是发展中国家（包括巴基斯坦）5 岁以上儿童的下呼吸道感染，仍然是导致儿童死亡和发病的首要原因。忽视这些急性水平的感染可能会导致并发症。特别是在巴基斯坦，呼吸道感染占儿童所有死亡人数的 20%至 30%。尽管这些感染很常见，但由于缺乏可获得的数据，阻碍了对该问题的全面总结。本研究的目的是确定巴基斯坦各地区的流行率，并通过已发表的数据识别导致病毒性呼吸道感染的现有病毒株。在巴基斯坦，农村居民中更频繁地检测到呼吸道病毒。下呼吸道感染被发现更致命。相关病原体包括呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）、人偏肺病毒（HMPV）、冠状病毒、肠病毒/鼻病毒、流感病毒、副流感病毒、腺病毒和人博卡病毒。RSV 更为优势，可分为 RSV-A 和 RSV-B（BA-9、BA-10 和 BA-13）。甲型流感（H1N1、H5N1、H3N2 和 H1N1pdm09）和乙型流感在巴基斯坦人群中很常见。一般来说，这些菌株以季节性模式检测到，春季和冬季发病率较高。所提供的数据包括肺炎、细支气管炎和流感。本文旨在强调需要标准方法来记录相关病原体的发病率和病因，以提供有效的呼吸道病毒感染治疗，并降低死亡率。
