School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Advanced Agriculture Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics. 2018 Dec;16(6):393-396. doi: 10.1016/j.gpb.2018.12.001. Epub 2018 Dec 13.
Rice is a major cereal crop for China. The development of the "three-line" hybrid rice system based on cytoplasmic male sterility in the 1970s (first-generation) and the "two-line" hybrid rice system based on photoperiod- and thermo-sensitive genic male-sterile lines (second-generation) in the 1980s has contributed significantly to rice yield increase and food security in China. Here we describe the development and implementation of the "third-generation" hybrid rice breeding system that is based on a transgenic approach to propagate and utilize stable recessive nuclear male sterile lines, and as such, the male sterile line and hybrid rice produced using such a system is non-transgenic. Such a system should overcome the intrinsic problems of the "first-generation" and "second-generation" hybrid rice systems and hold great promise to further boost production of hybrid rice and other crops.
水稻是中国的主要粮食作物之一。20 世纪 70 年代，基于细胞质雄性不育的“三系”杂交水稻体系（第一代）和 80 年代基于光温敏核雄性不育系的“两系”杂交水稻体系（第二代）的发展，为中国水稻增产和粮食安全做出了重要贡献。在这里，我们描述了“第三代”杂交水稻育种体系的发展和应用，该体系基于转基因方法来繁殖和利用稳定的隐性核不育系，因此，使用这种体系生产的不育系和杂交水稻是非转基因的。这种体系应该能够克服“第一代”和“第二代”杂交水稻体系的固有问题，并有望进一步提高杂交水稻和其他作物的产量。
