Girona Alejandra, Iragola Valentina, Alcaire Florencia, Curutchet María Rosa, Pereira Pablo, Magnani Daiana, Barreto Patricia, Petingi Sofía, Allegue Gimena, Conzalo Gonzalo, Mosteiro Camila, Ares Gastón
Escuela de Nutrición, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Espacio Interdisciplinario, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Public Health Nutr. 2019 Mar;22(4):726-737. doi: 10.1017/S1368980018003488. Epub 2018 Dec 27.
To evaluate the implementation of the Uruguayan healthy snacking initiative in primary and secondary schools in the capital, and to explore the factors underlying compliance from the perspective of school principals.
A mixed-method approach was used, which included semi-structured interviews with school principals and a survey of the foods and beverages sold and advertised in the schools.
Primary and secondary schools in Montevideo (the capital city of Uruguay).
School principals.
The great majority of the schools did not comply with the initiative. Exhibition of non-recommended products was the main cause for non-compliance, followed by advertising of non-recommended products through promotional activities of food and beverage companies. Although school principals were aware of the healthy snack initiative and showed a positive attitude towards it, the majority lacked knowledge about its specific content. Factors underlying compliance with the healthy snacking initiative were related to its characteristics, characteristics of the schools, and external factors such as family habits and advertising.
Results showed that the rationale underlying the selling of products at schools favours the availability of ultra-processed products and constitutes the main barrier for the promotion of healthy dietary habits among children and adolescents. Strategies aimed at facilitating the identification of unhealthy foods and beverages and provision of incentives to canteen managers to modify their offer are recommended.
评估乌拉圭健康零食倡议在首都中小学的实施情况，并从学校校长的角度探讨合规背后的因素。
采用混合方法，包括对学校校长进行半结构化访谈以及对学校销售和宣传的食品与饮料进行调查。
乌拉圭首都蒙得维的亚的中小学。
学校校长。
绝大多数学校未遵守该倡议。展示未推荐产品是不遵守的主要原因，其次是食品和饮料公司通过促销活动宣传未推荐产品。尽管学校校长了解健康零食倡议并对其持积极态度，但大多数人对其具体内容缺乏了解。遵守健康零食倡议背后的因素与其特点、学校特点以及家庭习惯和广告等外部因素有关。
结果表明，学校销售产品的基本原理有利于超加工产品的供应，并且是在儿童和青少年中推广健康饮食习惯的主要障碍。建议采取旨在促进识别不健康食品和饮料并向食堂管理人员提供激励措施以改变其供应的策略。
