Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Apr 1;659:230-239. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.222. Epub 2018 Dec 17.
This study investigated the occurrence, distribution, and potential sources of 34 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in water, sediments, aquatic organisms (fish and shellfish), and fish feeds from the mariculture areas of the Pearl River Delta (PRD). The health risk presented by this class of compounds was also assessed in relation to their intake via seafood consumption. Of the 34 PPCPs, a total of 9, 21, 14, and 28 PPCPs were detected in water, sediments, fish feeds, and aquatic organisms, respectively. Trimethoprim, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, and spectinomycin were detected in all matrices. The levels of PPCPs in water and sediment samples were relatively low. Spectinomycin, paracetamol, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ibuprofen were the most frequently detected PPCPs in feeds. Ibuprofen and ketoprofen were widely detected in aquatic organisms, with average concentrations of 562 and 267 ng/g wet weight, respectively. The residual levels of PPCPs in shellfish such as ME (mussel, Mytilus edulis) and OS (oyster, Ostrea gigas) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those in other species including CA (topmouth culter, Culter alburnus) and EO (orbfish, Ephippus orbis). Correlation analysis indicated that the medicated feeds were a potential source of PPCPs in the mariculture areas of the PRD, but other anthropogenic sources should not be ignored. Based on maximum residue limits and acceptable daily intake, the health risks presented to humans via seafood consumption are negligible. However, as multiple antibiotics were frequently detected in the mariculture environment, aquatic organisms, and feeds, the induction and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance associated with antibiotic usage in aquaculture would be of great concern. It is necessary to establish a centralized management system and control the use of veterinary drugs in mariculture to protect the aquaculture environment and ensure the safety of seafood.
本研究调查了珠江三角洲（PRD）水产养殖区水中、沉积物、水生生物（鱼类和贝类）和鱼饲料中 34 种药物和个人护理产品（PPCPs）的发生、分布和潜在来源。还评估了通过食用海鲜摄入此类化合物带来的健康风险。在所检测的 34 种 PPCPs 中，水中、沉积物、鱼饲料和水生生物中分别检测到 9、21、14 和 28 种 PPCPs。所有基质中均检测到甲氧苄啶、诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星和大观霉素。水和沉积物样品中 PPCPs 的水平相对较低。在饲料中，大观霉素、对乙酰氨基酚、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星和布洛芬的检出频率最高。在水生生物中，布洛芬和酮洛芬被广泛检出，其平均浓度分别为 562 和 267ng/g 湿重。贻贝（贻贝，Mytilus edulis）和牡蛎（牡蛎，Ostrea gigas）等贝类中的 PPCPs 残留水平明显高于其他物种，包括草鱼（草鱼，Culter alburnus）和鳜鱼（鳜鱼，Ephippus orbis）。相关性分析表明，加药饲料是 PRD 水产养殖区 PPCPs 的潜在来源，但不应忽视其他人为来源。基于最大残留限量和可接受的日摄入量，通过食用海鲜对人类健康带来的风险可以忽略不计。然而，由于抗生素在水产养殖环境、水生生物和饲料中经常被检出，与水产养殖中抗生素使用相关的抗生素耐药性的诱导和传播将引起极大关注。有必要建立集中管理系统，控制水产养殖中兽药的使用，以保护水产养殖环境，确保海鲜安全。
