1 Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity, Obesity Prevention and Control Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Am J Health Promot. 2019 Jun;33(5):666-674. doi: 10.1177/0890117118821846. Epub 2019 Jan 2.
As part of wellness efforts, employers may seek to improve the nutritional quality of foods offered and consumed in cafeterias and vending machines. However, little is known about who consumes food from these venues and the types and dietary quality of the foods consumed.
Cross-sectional.
Nonschool cafeterias and vending machines.
US adults ≥20 years old.
Prevalence of consuming foods, most common foods eaten, leading calorie sources, 2010 Healthy Eating Index.
Using 24-hour dietary recall data from NHANES 2005-2014 (N = 25,549 adults), we estimated the prevalence of consuming foods, assessed the most commonly consumed foods, and calculated dietary quality of foods.
On a given day, 3.1% of adults consumed foods from cafeterias and 3.9% from vending machines. Consumers averaged 692 kcal from cafeterias and 264 kcal from vending machines. Cafeteria consumers had higher income and education, while vending consumers were more likely to be male and younger adults. Common cafeteria foods included vegetables and fruits, but cafeteria foods were generally high in sodium and low in whole grains. Sugar-sweetened beverages and candies accounted for approximately half of all vending calories.
Foods chosen from cafeterias and vending machines do not align well with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Improving the dietary quality of foods consumed from these venues could impact millions of adults.
作为健康计划的一部分，雇主可能会寻求改善自助餐厅和自动售货机提供和消费的食品的营养质量。然而，人们对谁食用这些场所的食物以及食用的食物类型和饮食质量知之甚少。
横断面研究。
非学校自助餐厅和自动售货机。
美国 20 岁以上成年人。
食用食物的流行率、最常吃的食物、主要卡路里来源、2010 年健康饮食指数。
使用 NHANES 2005-2014 年 24 小时膳食回顾数据（N=25549 名成年人），我们估计了食用食物的流行率，评估了最常食用的食物，并计算了食物的饮食质量。
在某一天，有 3.1%的成年人食用了自助餐厅的食物，有 3.9%的成年人食用了自动售货机的食物。消费者平均从自助餐厅摄入 692 卡路里，从自动售货机摄入 264 卡路里。自助餐厅消费者的收入和教育程度较高，而自动售货机消费者更可能是男性和年轻成年人。常见的自助餐厅食品包括蔬菜和水果，但自助餐厅食品的钠含量通常较高，全谷物含量较低。含糖饮料和糖果约占自动售货机所有卡路里的一半。
从自助餐厅和自动售货机选择的食物与《美国人饮食指南》不一致。改善这些场所食用食物的饮食质量可能会影响数以百万计的成年人。
