School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Feb;26(6):5873-5884. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-3933-7. Epub 2019 Jan 6.
Environmental endocrine disruptors (EEDs) in beverages may enter the human body by ingestion and thus may represent a potential health risk. In this study, phthalates, bisphenol A, and its analogues, parabens, benzophenone-type UV filters, and triclosan (TCS) were analyzed in beverage samples (n = 116) collected from local markets in Guangzhou, South China. Twelve of 30 target compounds were found in > 50% samples, and for the first time, TCS was found in a majority of beverages from China (~ 80%). Among all analytes, concentrations of total phthalates (median = 14.4 ng/mL) were generally two orders of magnitude higher than other target EEDs, and concentrations of total benzophenone-type UV filters (0.02 ng/mL) and TCS (0.01 ng/mL) were the lowest. Among all targets, phthalates were predominant, accounting for > 99% of the total EEDs, and dimethyl phthalate was frequently detected in beverages (> 60%). In addition, we estimated the daily intake (EDI) of EEDs for Chinese populations of different age groups based on the daily consumption of beverages. The EDIs of total EEDs were the highest for toddlers (mean = 14,200 ng/kg-bw/day) followed by children and teenagers (3420 ng/kg-bw/day), adults (1950 ng/kg-bw/day), the elderly (1740 ng/kg-bw/day), and infants (70 ng/kg-bw/day). Compared to all food categories, EEDs from beverage consumption accounted for ~ 0.1% (parabens) to 20% (phthalates) of total exposure from diet. However, intakes of phthalates, bisphenols, and TCS from beverages were comparable to those from other potential sources (food, dust, personal care products, cloth, and medicines). Furthermore, the cumulative risks of EEDs by beverage consumption were not high, which indicated that EEDs in beverages might not represent a potential human health risk for Chinese populations.
环境内分泌干扰物（EEDs）可能通过摄入进入人体，从而构成潜在的健康风险。在这项研究中，我们分析了华南广州当地市场采集的 116 份饮料样本中的邻苯二甲酸酯、双酚 A 及其类似物、对羟基苯甲酸酯、苯并三唑型紫外线滤光剂和三氯生（TCS）。在 >50%的样本中发现了 30 种目标化合物中的 12 种，而且 TCS 首次在来自中国的大部分饮料中被发现（80%）。在所有分析物中，总邻苯二甲酸酯（中位数=14.4ng/mL）的浓度通常比其他目标 EED 高两个数量级，而总苯并三唑型紫外线滤光剂（0.02ng/mL）和 TCS（0.01ng/mL）的浓度最低。在所有目标物中，邻苯二甲酸酯占主导地位，占总 EED 的 >99%，并且二甲基邻苯二甲酸酯经常在饮料中被检测到（>60%）。此外，我们根据饮料的日消耗量，估算了不同年龄组中国人群的 EED 日摄入量（EDI）。对于幼儿（14200ng/kg-bw/day），婴儿（70ng/kg-bw/day），儿童和青少年（3420ng/kg-bw/day），成年人（1950ng/kg-bw/day）和老年人（1740ng/kg-bw/day），总 EED 的 EDI 最高。与所有食物类别相比，饮料消费中的 EED 占饮食总暴露量的0.1%（对羟基苯甲酸酯）至 20%（邻苯二甲酸酯）。然而，来自饮料的邻苯二甲酸酯、双酚和 TCS 的摄入量与来自其他潜在来源（食物、灰尘、个人护理产品、衣物和药品）的摄入量相当。此外，通过饮料消费摄入 EED 的累积风险不高，这表明饮料中的 EED 可能不会对中国人群构成潜在的健康风险。
