Pan Tania, Banerjee Rajarshi, Dasgupta Aparajita, Paul Bobby
Department of PSM, All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2018 Nov-Dec;7(6):1263-1267. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_130_18.
Vitamin D deficiency is a recognized pandemic. Even in a tropical country like India, where there is plentiful sunshine, vitamin D deficiency is widely prevalent. Adult females, particularly those above the age of 40, are mostly affected because vitamin D determines the pattern of post-menopausal bone loss and age-related osteoporosis.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April-December 2017 among 194 women aged 40 years and above residing in the village of Singur, West Bengal. For this study, multistage random sampling method was used. Each respondent was interviewed using a structured schedule to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, dietary pattern, their daily sun exposure, tobacco use, and morbidity profile. Individuals with 25OH vitamin D <30ng/ml were said to have vitamin D insufficiency (VDI). Data entry and analysis was done using SPSS version 16.0.
Out of 194 participants, 70.6% had VDI (Vitamin D deficient-19.6%, Vitamin D insufficient-51.0%). Mean (SD) age of the participant was 56.9 (8.9) years. Mean (SD) duration of daily sun exposure was 138.5 (59.2) minutes. 74 (38.1%) had overweight/obesity. Only 73 (37.6%) had adequate diet. Test results revealed low SES, decreasing duration of daily sun exposure, diabetes, overweight/obesity, and inadequate diet as significant predictors of VDI, explaining 39.3% of the variance with model fit.
The study has identified factors associated with VDI among the study participants. Emphasis on promoting consumption of vitamin D rich food and with vitamin D supplements, outdoor activities to increase sun exposure, maintaining optimum body weight, and strictly adhering to diabetes control will help alleviate the problem at large.
维生素D缺乏是一种公认的全球性问题。即使在像印度这样阳光充足的热带国家，维生素D缺乏也广泛存在。成年女性，尤其是40岁以上的女性，受影响最为严重，因为维生素D决定了绝经后骨质流失和与年龄相关的骨质疏松症模式。
2017年4月至12月，在西孟加拉邦辛古尔村对194名40岁及以上的女性进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。本研究采用多阶段随机抽样方法。使用结构化问卷对每位受访者进行访谈，以收集社会人口学特征、饮食模式、每日日照时间、烟草使用情况和发病情况等数据。25羟维生素D<30ng/ml的个体被认为存在维生素D不足（VDI）。使用SPSS 16.0版本进行数据录入和分析。
在194名参与者中，70.6%存在VDI（维生素D缺乏-19.6%，维生素D不足-51.0%）。参与者的平均（标准差）年龄为56.9（8.9）岁。每日平均（标准差）日照时间为138.5（59.2）分钟。74人（38.1%）超重/肥胖。只有73人（37.6%）饮食充足。测试结果显示，低社会经济地位、每日日照时间减少、糖尿病、超重/肥胖和饮食不足是VDI的重要预测因素，模型拟合解释了39.3%的方差。
该研究确定了研究参与者中与VDI相关的因素。强调促进富含维生素D的食物和维生素D补充剂的消费、进行户外活动以增加日照、保持最佳体重以及严格控制糖尿病，将有助于在很大程度上缓解这一问题。
