World Health Organization, Nigeria Country Office, UN House, 617/618 Diplomatic Drive, Central Area District, Abuja. 900001, Nigeria.
Independent Public Health Consultant, Toronto, Canada.
Bull World Health Organ. 2019 Jan 1;97(1):24-32. doi: 10.2471/BLT.18.211565. Epub 2018 Nov 6.
To evaluate a project that integrated essential primary health-care services into the oral polio vaccine programme in hard-to-reach, underserved communities in northern Nigeria.
In 2013, Nigeria's polio emergency operation centre adopted a new approach to rapidly raise polio immunity and reduce newborn, child and maternal morbidity and mortality. We identified, trained and equipped eighty-four mobile health teams to provide free vaccination and primary-care services in 3176 hard-to-reach settlements. We conducted cross-sectional surveys of women of childbearing age in households with children younger than 5 years, in 317 randomly selected settlements, pre- and post-intervention (March 2014 and November 2015, respectively).
From June 2014 to September 2015 mobile health teams delivered 2 979 408 doses of oral polio vaccine and dewormed 1 562 640 children younger than 5 years old; performed 676 678 antenatal consultations and treated 1 682 671 illnesses in women and children, including pneumonia, diarrhoea and malaria. The baseline survey found that 758 (19.6%) of 3872 children younger than 5 years had routine immunization cards and 690/3872 (17.8%) were fully immunized for their age. The endline survey found 1757/3575 children (49.1%) with routine immunization cards and 1750 (49.0%) fully immunized. Children vaccinated with 3 or more doses of oral polio vaccine increased from 2133 (55.1%) to 2666 (74.6%). Households' use of mobile health services in the previous 6 months increased from 509/1472 (34.6%) to 2060/2426(84.9%).
Integrating routine primary-care services into polio eradication activities in Nigeria resulted in increased coverage for supplemental oral polio vaccine doses and essential maternal, newborn and child health interventions.
评估在尼日利亚北部难以到达且服务不足的社区中，将基本初级卫生保健服务纳入口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗规划的项目。
2013 年，尼日利亚脊灰紧急行动中心采取了一种新方法，迅速提高脊灰免疫力，并降低新生儿、儿童和产妇发病率和死亡率。我们确定、培训和装备了 84 个流动医疗队，在 3176 个难以到达的定居点提供免费疫苗接种和初级保健服务。我们对 317 个随机选定的定居点的 5 岁以下儿童家庭中处于生育年龄的妇女进行了横断面调查，分别在干预前（2014 年 3 月）和干预后（2015 年 11 月）进行。
从 2014 年 6 月至 2015 年 9 月，流动医疗队共接种了 2979408 剂口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗，并为 1562640 名 5 岁以下儿童驱虫；进行了 676678 次产前咨询，并为妇女和儿童治疗了 1682671 例疾病，包括肺炎、腹泻和疟疾。基线调查发现，3872 名 5 岁以下儿童中有 758 名（19.6%）有常规免疫接种卡，690/3872（17.8%）按年龄完全免疫。终线调查发现，3575 名儿童中有 1757 名（49.1%）有常规免疫接种卡，1750 名（49.0%）完全免疫。接种 3 剂或更多剂口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗的儿童从 2133 人（55.1%）增加到 2666 人（74.6%）。在过去 6 个月中，家庭使用流动卫生服务的比例从 509/1472（34.6%）增加到 2060/2426（84.9%）。
在尼日利亚，将常规初级保健服务纳入脊灰根除活动，使补充口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗剂量和基本母婴、新生儿和儿童保健干预措施的覆盖率增加。
