Zemp E, Ackermann-Liebrich U
Abteilung für Sozial- und Präventivmedizin, Universität Basel.
Soz Praventivmed. 1988;33(3):186-92. doi: 10.1007/BF02078428.
The higher life expectancy of women is contrasting with the higher female morbidity known from health interview surveys and statistics on use of health services. In the Swiss Health Survey SOMIPOPS, women report higher rates of complaints, diagnoses, chronical impairments and psychic illness, more frequent restrictions of their daily activities for health reasons and a worse overall health status. In men, only higher rates of indicators related to respiratory diseases and accidents were found. On the other hand, women have a stronger health orientation in daily life habits, seem to differ from men in health perception, are more willing to treat symptoms and use health services more often for preventive reasons. Comparison of survey and examination data reveal a different health perception and a higher female willingness to treat symptoms. The question is arised whether the different health behaviour have long-term effects, especially on life-expectancy.
女性较高的预期寿命与健康访谈调查和医疗服务使用统计中显示的较高女性发病率形成反差。在瑞士健康调查SOMIPOPS中，女性报告的不适、诊断、慢性损伤和精神疾病发生率更高，因健康原因导致的日常活动受限更为频繁，整体健康状况更差。在男性中，仅发现与呼吸系统疾病和事故相关的指标发生率较高。另一方面，女性在日常生活习惯中对健康的关注度更高，在健康认知方面似乎与男性不同，更愿意治疗症状，并且出于预防原因更频繁地使用医疗服务。调查数据与检查数据的比较揭示了不同的健康认知以及女性更高的治疗症状意愿。由此产生的问题是，不同的健康行为是否具有长期影响，尤其是对预期寿命的影响。
