Division of Publication, Extension and Training, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai Osmania, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India.
Lipid Biochemistry Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai Osmania, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India.
Clin Nutr. 2019 Dec;38(6):2889-2899. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.12.026. Epub 2018 Dec 29.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The existing scientific evidence on coconut oil consumption and its health effects remains inconclusive due to varied reasons. In this context, we conducted a well-controlled metabolic study, eliminating some of the confounding factors and assessed the effects of the consumption of coconut oil-based diet on various anthropometric, biochemical and inflammatory markers and compared with peanut oil-diet.
Nine healthy male volunteers with BMI ≤25 kg/m were enrolled for this study and given balanced diets prepared with coconut oil (CO; 35 g) for a period of eight weeks. After a wash-out period of six weeks, the same subjects were provided with diets prepared with peanut oil (35 g) for eight weeks. Except fat source, the composition of the diets was identical in all aspects.
Compared to basal values, there were significant increases in fat-free mass (p ≤ 0.022), plasma HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) (p ≤ 0.047) and insulin sensitivity of the subjects at the end of CO-consumption. Further, compared to peanut oil, increase in plasma HDL-C was significant (p = 0.004) in CO treatment. On the other hand, plasma inflammatory markers-associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), namely soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM1) and matrix metalloproteinase levels were reduced significantly by CO-intake. Further, these subjects displayed elevated levels of myristic acid (14:0) in plasma phospholipids at the end of CO-consumption, which correlated positively with HDL-C and negatively with sVCAM1. However, no such changes were observed after peanut oil diet consumption.
In conclusion, compared to peanut oil, the consumption of coconut oil in a balanced diet resulted in increased fat-free mass, plasma HDL-C, elicited favourable changes on insulin sensitivity and CVD risk-associated parameters in healthy men with normal BMI.
由于各种原因，目前关于椰子油消费及其健康影响的科学证据仍不明确。在这种情况下，我们进行了一项精心控制的代谢研究，消除了一些混杂因素，并评估了食用椰子油饮食对各种人体测量学、生化和炎症标志物的影响，并与花生油饮食进行了比较。
本研究纳入了 9 名 BMI≤25kg/m2 的健康男性志愿者，并给予了为期 8 周的椰子油（CO；约 35g）基础饮食。经过 6 周的洗脱期后，同一批志愿者给予了为期 8 周的花生油（~35g）基础饮食。除脂肪来源外，所有饮食在各方面的组成均相同。
与基础值相比，CO 摄入结束时，受试者的去脂体重（p≤0.022）、血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）（p≤0.047）和胰岛素敏感性均显著增加。此外，与花生油相比，CO 治疗组血浆 HDL-C 的增加更为显著（p=0.004）。另一方面，与心血管疾病（CVD）相关的血浆炎症标志物，即可溶性血管细胞黏附分子 1（sVCAM1）和基质金属蛋白酶水平，在 CO 摄入后显著降低。此外，这些受试者在 CO 摄入结束时血浆磷脂中的肉豆蔻酸（14:0）水平升高，这与 HDL-C 呈正相关，与 sVCAM1 呈负相关。然而，在食用花生油饮食后没有观察到这种变化。
与花生油相比，在平衡饮食中摄入椰子油可增加去脂体重、血浆 HDL-C，对健康 BMI 正常的男性的胰岛素敏感性和 CVD 风险相关参数产生有利变化。
