Othman Othman E, Mahrous Karima F, Shafey Heba I
Cell Biology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt.
J Genet Eng Biotechnol. 2017 Dec;15(2):469-474. doi: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2017.06.004. Epub 2017 Jul 6.
Horses are one of the early domesticated animals in the world that changed societies and civilizations on a continent-wide scale. Due to the rare information about the genetic characterization of different horse populations in Egypt, this study aimed to identify the genetic biodiversity and relationships between four horse populations reared in Egypt. Genomic DNA was extracted and mtDNA region was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The alignment of 384-bp amplified fragments showed the presence of 41 polymorphic sites resulting in 29 haplotypes which their sequences were submitted to GenBank under the accession numbers: -. The phylogeny tree for tested horses declared the presence of mixing maternal lineages between the four tested populations but still there are some separated lineages especially for Arabian and Thoroughbred horses. The sequences of 72 tested sequences were aligned with 13 published sequences as references, 11 of them for different whereas the other two reference sequences for and . The results showed that all tested horses from the four populations are grouped with reference sequences of and separated from the other two reference sequences of and . It is concluded that sequence analysis of mtDNA control region is still the most informative tool for the identification of genetic biodiversity and phylogeny of different horse breeds and populations. The horse populations reared in Egypt possess low genetic diversity and all of them are belonged to breed.
马是世界上早期被驯化的动物之一，它们在大陆范围内改变了社会和文明。由于关于埃及不同马种群遗传特征的信息稀少，本研究旨在确定埃及饲养的四个马种群之间的遗传生物多样性和关系。提取基因组DNA，并使用聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增线粒体DNA区域。对384个碱基对的扩增片段进行比对，发现存在41个多态性位点，产生了29种单倍型，其序列已提交至GenBank，登录号为：-。受试马的系统发育树表明，四个受试种群之间存在母系谱系混合，但仍有一些分离的谱系，特别是阿拉伯马和纯种马。将72个受试序列与13个已发表的序列进行比对作为参考，其中11个用于不同的，另外两个参考序列用于和。结果表明，来自四个种群的所有受试马都与和的参考序列聚类，与和的另外两个参考序列分离。得出的结论是，线粒体DNA控制区的序列分析仍然是鉴定不同马品种和种群遗传生物多样性和系统发育的最具信息性的工具。在埃及饲养的马种群遗传多样性较低，它们都属于品种。
