Palza Humberto, Zapata Paula Andrea, Angulo-Pineda Carolina
Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Biotecnología y Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, 8370456 Santiago, Chile.
Millenium Nuclei in Soft Smart Mechanical Metamaterials, Universidad de Chile, 8370456 Santiago, Chile.
Materials (Basel). 2019 Jan 16;12(2):277. doi: 10.3390/ma12020277.
The flexibility in polymer properties has allowed the development of a broad range of materials with electroactivity, such as intrinsically conductive conjugated polymers, percolated conductive composites, and ionic conductive hydrogels. These smart electroactive polymers can be designed to respond rationally under an electric stimulus, triggering outstanding properties suitable for biomedical applications. This review presents a general overview of the potential applications of these electroactive smart polymers in the field of tissue engineering and biomaterials. In particular, details about the ability of these electroactive polymers to: (1) stimulate cells in the context of tissue engineering by providing electrical current; (2) mimic muscles by converting electric energy into mechanical energy through an electromechanical response; (3) deliver drugs by changing their internal configuration under an electrical stimulus; and (4) have antimicrobial behavior due to the conduction of electricity, are discussed.
聚合物性能的灵活性使得人们能够开发出多种具有电活性的材料，如本征导电共轭聚合物、渗滤导电复合材料和离子导电水凝胶。这些智能电活性聚合物可以设计成在电刺激下做出合理响应，从而引发适合生物医学应用的卓越性能。本文综述了这些电活性智能聚合物在组织工程和生物材料领域的潜在应用概况。特别详细讨论了这些电活性聚合物的以下能力：（1）在组织工程环境中通过提供电流来刺激细胞；（2）通过机电响应将电能转化为机械能来模拟肌肉；（3）在电刺激下通过改变其内部结构来递送药物；以及（4）由于导电而具有抗菌行为。
