Chinh Vu Duc, Masuda Gaku, Hung Vu Viet, Takagi Hidekazu, Kawai Satoru, Annoura Takeshi, Maeno Yoshimasa
1Department of Entomology, National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
2Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto Japan.
Trop Med Health. 2019 Jan 23;47:9. doi: 10.1186/s41182-019-0139-8. eCollection 2019.
Human malaria is a major threat in rural communities of central Vietnam. and species are critical malaria vectors in Vietnam, which transmit parasites. However, the entomological aspects of malaria transmission in some of the central provinces of Vietnam remain unexplored. Hence, a cross-sectional entomological survey was carried out to identify the malaria vector species and the transmission of parasites in seven endemic provinces of Vietnam.
Mosquitoes were collected from seven provinces, Gia Lai, Khanh Hoa, Phu Yen, Ninh Thuan, Binh Thuan, Dong Nai, and Binh Phuoc. The collection was conducted for four to eight consecutive nights using three established methods, indoor and outdoor human landing catches and light trap method. Nested-PCR analysis was performed to detect the species in the separated thorax and the abdomen of the individual mosquitoes.
A total of 2278 mosquitoes belonging to one of the four species of anopheline mosquitoes, , , , and were collected. Among the collected mosquitoes, 1398 were analysed using nested-PCR, of which, 40 mosquitoes were positive for parasites. Most of these parasites were detected in the samples from the thorax region, followed by the abdominal portion. The parasites were detected in both the thorax and abdomen of . Seven species of parasites were detected during the analysis, of which, was the most common species, followed by , , , , , and . Out of the 49 positive samples, 12 showed mixed infections. Co-infection of with human and other non-human primate species was common.
This study demonstrated the presence of human and non-human primate infection in , a predominant malarial vector. Further, we showed that and species also take part in malarial transmission. This might potentially lead to an alarming situation conducive for the emergence of novel zoonotic malaria.
人类疟疾是越南中部农村社区的主要威胁。 和 物种是越南关键的疟疾传播媒介，可传播 寄生虫。然而，越南一些中部省份疟疾传播的昆虫学方面仍未得到探索。因此，开展了一项横断面昆虫学调查，以确定越南七个疟疾流行省份的疟疾传播媒介物种及 寄生虫的传播情况。
从嘉莱、庆和、富安、宁顺、平顺、同奈和平福七个省份采集蚊子。使用三种既定方法连续四至八晚进行采集，即室内外人工诱捕法和灯光诱捕法。对单个蚊子分离出的胸部和腹部进行巢式聚合酶链反应分析，以检测 物种。
共采集到属于按蚊属四种物种之一的2278只蚊子，分别为 、 、 和 。在所采集的蚊子中，1398只接受了巢式聚合酶链反应分析，其中40只蚊子的 寄生虫检测呈阳性。这些寄生虫大多在胸部区域的样本中被检测到，其次是腹部样本。在 的胸部和腹部均检测到了寄生虫。分析过程中检测到七种 寄生虫物种，其中 是最常见的物种，其次是 、 、 、 、 和 。在49个阳性样本中，有12个显示混合感染。 与人及其他非人类灵长类 物种的共同感染很常见。
本研究证明了主要疟疾传播媒介 中存在人类和非人类灵长类 感染。此外，我们表明 和 物种也参与疟疾传播。这可能会潜在地导致一种令人担忧的情况，有利于新型人畜共患疟疾的出现。
