Brown Jacob T, Gregornik David, Kennedy Mary Jayne
J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2018 Nov-Dec;23(6):499-501. doi: 10.5863/1551-6776-23.6.499.
With the initiatives by the National Institutes of Health and the US Food and Drug Administration, pharmacogenomics is transitioning from the laboratory to patient care. Nearly 200 drug products now contain pharmacogenomic information as part of their labeling; many of these products are commonly used in the pediatric population. Because pharmacogenomic testing can provide patient-specific predictors for drug response, pharmacists are positioned to assume a leadership role in pharmacogenomic testing, clinical interpretation of results, and recommendations for individualization of drug therapy. Opportunities for pharmacists exist in both inpatient and outpatient settings, such as pharmacist-managed clinical pharmacogenomics consultation services and educating patients and families about pharmacogenomic testing. Given the potential for genetic and age-dependent factors to influence drug selection and dosing, pediatric pharmacists should be involved in the development of dosing recommendations and interprofessional practice guidelines regarding pharmacogenomic testing in pediatric patients. Opportunities to become knowledgeable and competent in pharmacogenomics extend from coursework as part of the pharmacy curriculum to postgraduate education (e.g., residencies, fellowship, continuing education). The Pediatric Pharmacy Advocacy Group acknowledges a need for increased education of both students and practicing pharmacists with consideration for infants and children.
在美国国立卫生研究院和美国食品药品监督管理局的倡议下，药物基因组学正从实验室走向患者护理。目前，近200种药品在其标签中包含了药物基因组学信息；其中许多产品常用于儿科人群。由于药物基因组学检测可为药物反应提供针对患者个体的预测指标，药剂师有能力在药物基因组学检测、结果的临床解读以及药物治疗个体化建议方面发挥领导作用。无论是在住院还是门诊环境中，药剂师都有机会发挥作用，例如由药剂师管理的临床药物基因组学咨询服务，以及对患者及其家属进行药物基因组学检测方面的教育。鉴于遗传和年龄相关因素可能影响药物选择和剂量，儿科药剂师应参与制定关于儿科患者药物基因组学检测的剂量建议和跨专业实践指南。从作为药学课程一部分的课程学习到研究生教育（如住院医师培训、专科培训、继续教育），都有机会让药剂师在药物基因组学方面变得知识渊博且胜任工作。儿科药学倡导组织认识到，需要加强对学生和执业药剂师的教育，并考虑到婴儿和儿童的情况。
