A Novel Nano Magnetic Beads Dot ELISA Immunoassay and Its Application on the Detection of Coproantigen.

BACKGROUND

The traditional basis of diagnosis is identification of trophozoites or cysts in the stool of infected patients. Recently the advent of more objective techniques like antigen detection methods has led to an increase in their use versus those that rely on subjective microscopic examination of fecal specimens for cysts may facilitate diagnosis of in stool specimens.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study was carried out from Oct 2015 to Feb 2016 on patients admitted to Benha University Hospitals (Benha, Egypt) and outpatients of Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI) (Giza, Egypt). Purified cysts antigen was prepared by two-phase sucrose gradient technique. Polyclonal antibody against purified cysts antigen was prepared and labeled with horseradish peroxidase and Nano Magnetic Beads (NMB) to be used as detecting antibody. A total of 72 stool samples, 32 samples positive for giardiasis, 20 samples positive for other parasitic infections in addition to 20 negative samples were examined using dot ELISA and NMB dot-ELISA.

RESULTS

The sensitivity of the traditional dot-ELISA was 81.3 % and it increased by using the NMB-dot-ELISA to be 96.9% in stool samples. Specificity of both techniques was 97.5%.

CONCLUSION

Diagnosis of by NMB-Dot-ELISA technique is sensitive, specific, rapid and easy to perform and interpret. In this study, using the nano-magnetic beads increased the sensitivity of the applied technique.