Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Microbial Safety Team, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju, Korea.
Pest Manag Sci. 2019 Aug;75(8):2264-2270. doi: 10.1002/ps.5363. Epub 2019 Mar 15.
Waltheria indica exhibited strong nematocidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita, a causal agent of root-knot nematode disease. This study aimed to characterize the nematocidal metabolites and to evaluate the efficacy of the formulated extract of W. indica in the biological control of M. incognita under both pot and field conditions.
Three 4-quinolone alkaloids, 5'-methoxywaltherione A, waltherione A and waltherione C, were isolated and characterized as nematocidal metabolites. 5'-Methoxywaltherione A and waltherione A caused high mortality in juveniles of Meloidogyne arenaria, Meloidogyne hapla, M. incognita and Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, whereas waltherione C exhibited significant nematocidal activity against only root-knot nematodes. In pot experiments, application of a wettable powder-type formulation of the ethyl acetate extract of W. indica (W. indica WP20) at 26.7, 53.4 and 106.8 mg a.i. kg soil significantly reduced the formation of galls and egg masses on the roots of tomato plants in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, application of 20 mg a.i. per plant W. indica WP20 effectively reduced gall formation on the roots of melon plants and population density of nematode in soil compared with untreated control under field conditions.
W. indica can be used as an effective botanical nematicide in the eco-friendly control of root-knot nematode disease. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
蕈状垂头菊对引起根结线虫病的南方根结线虫表现出强烈的杀线虫活性。本研究旨在对杀线虫代谢物进行表征，并评估蕈状垂头菊提取物制剂在温室和田间条件下对南方根结线虫的生物防治效果。
分离并鉴定了三种 4-喹啉生物碱，即 5'-甲氧基垂头菊 A、垂头菊 A 和垂头菊 C，它们都是杀线虫代谢物。5'-甲氧基垂头菊 A 和垂头菊 A 对南方根结线虫、北方根结线虫、爪哇根结线虫和松材线虫的幼虫有高死亡率，而垂头菊 C 仅对根结线虫表现出显著的杀线虫活性。温室盆栽试验中，26.7、53.4 和 106.8 mg a.i.·kg-1 土壤施用水杨酸甲酯型蕈状垂头菊提取物制剂（W. indica WP20）可显著降低番茄植株根部根结和卵囊的形成，且呈剂量依赖性。此外，在田间条件下，与未处理的对照相比，每株施用 20 mg a.i.的 W. indica WP20 可有效减少甜瓜植株根部根结的形成和土壤中线虫的种群密度。
蕈状垂头菊可作为防治根结线虫病的有效植物杀线虫剂，用于生态友好型防治。 © 2019 英国化学学会。
