Graff-Radford Jonathan
Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2019 Feb;25(1):147-164. doi: 10.1212/CON.0000000000000684.
This article provides an overview of vascular cognitive impairment; discusses its epidemiology, subtypes, and associations with other neurodegenerative diseases; and reviews the diagnostic evaluation and management of these disorders.
Cerebrovascular disease is a common cause of dementia and frequently coexists with neurodegenerative causes. The heterogeneity of mechanisms leading to vascular cognitive impairment makes developing unifying clinical and research criteria difficult. Recognizing the neuroimaging hallmarks of different forms of vascular cognitive impairment can allow for individualized treatment and management. In individuals with mild vascular cognitive impairment, aerobic exercise appears to be a promising treatment but requires further investigation.
Vascular cognitive impairment can be caused by several mechanisms. While treating vascular risk factors is rational to prevent worsening of cognitive impairment, well-designed studies are needed to demonstrate efficacy.
本文概述血管性认知障碍；讨论其流行病学、亚型以及与其他神经退行性疾病的关联；并回顾这些疾病的诊断评估和管理。
脑血管疾病是痴呆的常见病因，且常与神经退行性病因共存。导致血管性认知障碍的机制具有异质性，这使得制定统一的临床和研究标准变得困难。识别不同形式血管性认知障碍的神经影像学特征有助于进行个体化治疗和管理。在轻度血管性认知障碍患者中，有氧运动似乎是一种有前景的治疗方法，但仍需进一步研究。
血管性认知障碍可由多种机制引起。虽然治疗血管危险因素对于预防认知障碍恶化是合理的，但仍需要精心设计的研究来证明其疗效。
