Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Hermosillo 83304, Mexico.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Jan 31;16(3):407. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16030407.
Obesity and certain nutritional deficiencies are global health problems that emerge in systems of interdependent individual biological and historical factors and social environmental determinants of health. Nutrition security is a framework that assumes stable access to sufficient innocuous and nutritious food (i.e., food security), health care, and sanitation, and information that in conjunction allows self-care-oriented behavior for health protection. To understand the social environment of nutrition insecurity, the object of study was the food distribution and consumption system of a marginalized community in Hermosillo, Mexico. We assessed the distribution of food establishments by social marginalization level in basic geo-statistical areas and the nutrition security status of women in underserved neighborhoods. We found that in Hermosillo >90% of food establishments included for analysis (grocery stores, supermarkets, convenience stores, and beer deposits) were distributed outside of areas with high levels of social marginalization. The nutrition security assessment suggests that low intakes of fruit and vegetables and high intakes of fat and sugar may be associated with food accessibility and acceptability factors in individual decision-making processes. Future research should take into account the variability of food system environments and address the particular needs of communities in terms of food and nutrition security.
肥胖和某些营养缺乏是全球性健康问题，出现在相互依存的个体生物和历史因素以及健康的社会环境决定因素的系统中。营养安全是一个框架，假设稳定获得足够无害和营养的食物（即粮食安全）、医疗保健和卫生设施，以及信息，这些共同允许以自我保健为导向的行为来保护健康。为了了解营养不安全的社会环境，研究的对象是墨西哥埃莫西约一个边缘化社区的食品分配和消费系统。我们评估了基本地理统计区域中按社会边缘化程度划分的食品店分布情况，以及服务不足社区妇女的营养安全状况。我们发现，在埃莫西约，纳入分析的 >90%的食品店（杂货店、超市、便利店和啤酒存款处）分布在社会边缘化程度高的地区之外。营养安全评估表明，水果和蔬菜摄入量低，脂肪和糖摄入量高，可能与个人决策过程中的食物可及性和可接受性因素有关。未来的研究应该考虑到食品系统环境的可变性，并满足社区在粮食和营养安全方面的特殊需求。
