Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 8 Ciszewskiego St, Warsaw, Poland.
Mycotoxin Res. 2019 May;35(2):187-196. doi: 10.1007/s12550-019-00342-2. Epub 2019 Feb 2.
Regardless of the efforts put into preventing or reducing fungal growth, extensive mycotoxin contamination has been reported in animal feeds. In the case of pigs, one of the mycotoxins of major concern is deoxynivalenol (DON). The use of adsorbents as feed additives represents one of the strategies to control mycotoxins' contamination in feedstuff. Therefore, the aim of the study was to verify the ability of chlorophyllin (CHL) to reduce the absorption rate of DON in swine mucosa explants. Intestine was obtained from routinely slaughtered adult pigs. The mucosa explants were studied by means of Ussing chamber technique. The effect of DON (10 and 30 μg/ml) on mucosa viability and permeability and CHL (100 μg/ml) impact on DON (30 μg/ml) absorption was verified. The results revealed that mucosa explants isolated from adult animals remained unaffected for 90 min in the presence of DON in the lower concentration (10 μg/ml). Mycotoxin in the higher dose (30 μg/ml) increased mucosa permeability (decreased transepithelial electrical resistance value) and enhanced paracellular transport of lucifer yellow and mannitol but did not affect lactate dehydrogenase leakage. The introduction of CHL neither diminished the absorption rate of DON across swine mucosa explants nor prevented the toxic effects of DON on intestine. In conclusion, the results confirm the negative effect of DON on pig jejunum mucosa. However, the toxic effect of DON was observed only when it was used in relatively high doses. A promising adsorbent agent, CHL, failed to reduce the intensity of DON transport across intestine under in vitro conditions.
尽管人们努力预防或减少真菌生长，但在动物饲料中仍广泛报道了真菌毒素污染。在猪的情况下，主要关注的真菌毒素之一是脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）。使用吸附剂作为饲料添加剂是控制饲料中真菌毒素污染的策略之一。因此，本研究的目的是验证叶绿酸（CHL）降低 DON 在猪黏膜外植体中吸收速率的能力。肠是从常规屠宰的成年猪中获得的。通过 Ussing 室技术研究黏膜外植体。验证了 DON（10 和 30μg/ml）对黏膜活力和通透性的影响，以及 CHL（100μg/ml）对 DON（30μg/ml）吸收的影响。结果表明，在低浓度 DON（10μg/ml）存在下，从成年动物分离的黏膜外植体在 90 分钟内保持不受影响。较高剂量（30μg/ml）的真菌毒素增加了黏膜通透性（降低了跨上皮电阻值）并增强了荧光素黄和甘露醇的细胞旁转运，但不影响乳酸脱氢酶渗漏。CHL 的引入既没有降低 DON 穿过猪黏膜外植体的吸收速率，也没有防止 DON 对肠道的毒性作用。总之，结果证实了 DON 对猪空肠黏膜的负面影响。然而，只有在使用相对较高剂量时才观察到 DON 的毒性作用。一种有前途的吸附剂 CHL 在体外条件下未能降低 DON 在肠道中的转运强度。
