Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics.
Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
J Infect Dis. 2019 Apr 8;219(Suppl_1):S46-S56. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiz044.
A universal influenza vaccine (UIV) could considerably alleviate the public health burden of both seasonal and pandemic influenza. Although significant progress has been achieved in clarifying basic immunology and virology relating to UIV, several important questions relating to the dynamics of infection, immunity, and pathogen evolution remain unsolved. In this study, we review these gaps, which span integrative levels, from cellular to global and timescales from molecular events to decades. We argue that they can be best addressed by a tight integration of empirical (laboratory, epidemiological) research and theory and suggest fruitful areas for this synthesis. In particular, quantifying natural and vaccinal limitations on viral transmission are central to this effort.
通用流感疫苗(UIV)可以大大减轻季节性和大流行性流感对公众健康的负担。尽管在阐明与 UIV 相关的基础免疫学和病毒学方面取得了重大进展,但仍有几个与感染、免疫和病原体进化动力学有关的重要问题尚未解决。在这项研究中,我们回顾了这些差距,这些差距跨越了从细胞到全球的综合水平以及从分子事件到几十年的时间尺度。我们认为,通过将经验(实验室、流行病学)研究与理论紧密结合,可以最好地解决这些问题,并提出了这一综合的有成效的领域。特别是,量化病毒传播的自然和疫苗限制是这一努力的核心。