Département de Santé Publique, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Abdou Moumouni, Niamey, Niger.
Direction de la Surveillance et la Riposte aux Epidémies, MSP, Niamey, Niger.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2019 May 1;113(5):273-280. doi: 10.1093/trstmh/try145.
Niger has experienced multiple cholera outbreaks since the occurrence of cholera in West Africa in 1970-1971. Understanding the origins of these geographic variations at different scales in the region and in health districts is an essential step in the rational and operational fight against this disease.
We conducted a retrospective review of all suspected cholera cases in Niger from 2003 to 2015. Data from 2010 to 2015 were reviewed to determine the number and percentage of stool specimens tested, with distribution by serotype. We also determined the time between sampling and sending to a laboratory.
From 2003 through 2015 a total of 16 328 cases of cholera, including 578 deaths, were reported to the National Surveillance Database (overall case fatality rate 3.5%). The number of cases was greater among males (63.29%). Patients >15 y of age accounted for 69.80% of cases. All regions recorded cholera cases throughout the period 2003 to 2015, except in 2009, when no outbreak was reported. All epidemics recorded were due to the subtype serogroup O1 serotype Ogawa and all strains confirmed the presence of the ctxB, rstR, tcpA, zot, ace and ctxA genes encoding the toxin of this serotype.
The global burden of cholera remains high in Niger. To successfully prevent and control outbreaks, adapted guidelines and strategies should be reviewed to provide more focused information and assign clear roles and responsibilities.
自 1970-1971 年西非爆发霍乱以来，尼日尔已多次爆发霍乱。了解该地区不同规模和卫生区地理变异的起源，是合理、有效防控该疾病的重要步骤。
我们对 2003 年至 2015 年期间尼日尔所有疑似霍乱病例进行了回顾性审查。对 2010 年至 2015 年的数据进行了审查，以确定接受粪便检测的样本数量和百分比，并按血清型进行分布。我们还确定了采样与送实验室之间的时间间隔。
2003 年至 2015 年，国家监测数据库共报告 16328 例霍乱病例，包括 578 例死亡（总病死率 3.5%）。男性病例（63.29%）多于女性。年龄>15 岁的患者占病例的 69.80%。除 2009 年无疫情报告外，2003 年至 2015 年期间所有地区均有霍乱病例记录。所有记录的疫情均由血清群 O1 血清型 Ogawa 引起，所有菌株均证实存在编码该血清型毒素的 ctxB、rstR、tcpA、zot、ace 和 ctxA 基因。
在尼日尔，全球霍乱负担仍然很高。为了成功预防和控制疫情，应审查和调整适用的指南和策略，提供更有针对性的信息，并明确角色和责任。
