School of Management, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Feb 1;16(3):423. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16030423.
Industrial transfer from advanced regions is a good way to foment economic development in less advanced regions. Nevertheless, does industrial transfer intensify or alleviate haze pollution? To answer this question, this study employed the shift-share method and spatial panel models to explore how industrial transfer processes impact haze pollution in the case of China. The main results are as follows: (1) With the advances made in industrial transfer and upgrading, China has entered the stage of decoupling between the economic development level and haze pollution. (2) Industrial transfer could effectively alleviate the degree of haze pollution in the transferred-out areas, but it would have a significant accelerating effect on haze pollution in the transferred-in areas. Compared with non-polluting industries, polluting industries would be responsible for a large deterioration in the local air quality. (3) Environmental regulations, as the main factor mitigating environmental pollution, do not achieve the desired effects and significantly reduce the regional pollution levels that led to haze. Therefore, the effects of industrial transfer should also be comprehensively considered in government of undertake regions. There would likely be great economic costs if the old path of "pollution first and treatment later" is followed. This study not only advances the existing literature, but also is of considerable interest to policy makers.
产业转移是促进欠发达地区经济发展的一种有效方式。然而，产业转移会加剧还是缓解雾霾污染呢？为了回答这个问题，本研究采用了转移份额法和空间面板模型，探讨了产业转移过程对中国雾霾污染的影响。主要结果如下：（1）随着产业转移和升级的推进，中国已经进入经济发展水平与雾霾污染脱钩的阶段。（2）产业转移可以有效缓解转出地区的雾霾污染程度，但对转入地区的雾霾污染会产生显著的加速效应。与无污染产业相比，污染产业会导致当地空气质量的显著恶化。（3）环境规制作为缓解环境污染的主要因素，并没有达到预期的效果，显著降低了导致雾霾的区域污染水平。因此，在承接地区的政府中也应该全面考虑产业转移的影响。如果继续走“先污染后治理”的老路，可能会付出巨大的经济代价。本研究不仅推进了现有文献，而且对政策制定者也具有重要意义。
