Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Dietetic and Clinical Nutrition Unit, S. Giovanni Battista Hospital, Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Nutrients. 2019 Feb 3;11(2):330. doi: 10.3390/nu11020330.
Medical nutritional therapy is the first-line approach in managing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Diet is also a powerful modulator of the gut microbiota, whose impact on insulin resistance and the inflammatory response in the host are well known. Changes in the gut microbiota composition have been described in pregnancies either before the onset of GDM or after its diagnosis. The possible modulation of the gut microbiota by dietary interventions in pregnancy is a topic of emerging interest, in consideration of the potential effects on maternal and consequently neonatal health. To date, very few data from observational studies are available about the associations between diet and the gut microbiota in pregnancy complicated by GDM. In this review, we analyzed the available data and discussed the current knowledge about diet manipulation in order to shape the gut microbiota in pregnancy.
医学营养治疗是管理妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）的首选方法。饮食也是肠道微生物群的有力调节剂，其对宿主胰岛素抵抗和炎症反应的影响是众所周知的。在 GDM 发病前或诊断后，妊娠中肠道微生物群组成的变化已经被描述。考虑到对母婴健康的潜在影响，饮食干预对妊娠中肠道微生物群的可能调节作用是一个新兴的研究课题。迄今为止，关于 GDM 妊娠中饮食与肠道微生物群之间的关联，仅有少量观察性研究数据。在这篇综述中，我们分析了现有数据，并讨论了目前关于饮食干预以塑造妊娠中肠道微生物群的知识。
