Jones Ruth Ellen, Foster Deshka S, Hu Michael S, Longaker Michael T
Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
Transfusion. 2019 Feb;59(S1):884-892. doi: 10.1111/trf.14836.
Scarring is a result of the wound healing response and causes tissue dysfunction after injury. This process is readily evident in the skin, but also occurs internally across organ systems in the form of fibrosis. Stem cells are crucial to the innate tissue healing response and, as such, present a possible modality to therapeutically promote regenerative healing while minimizing scaring. In this review, the cellular basis of scaring and fibrosis is examined. Current stem cell therapies under exploration for skin wound healing and internal organ fibrosis are discussed. While most therapeutic approaches rely on the direct application of progenitor-type cells to injured tissue to promote healing, novel strategies to manipulate the scarring response are also presented. As our understanding of developmental and stem cell biology continues to increase, therapies to encourage regeneration of healthy functional tissue after damage secondary to injury or disease will continue to expand.
瘢痕形成是伤口愈合反应的结果，会导致损伤后组织功能障碍。这一过程在皮肤中很明显，但也会以纤维化的形式在体内各个器官系统中发生。干细胞对于先天性组织愈合反应至关重要，因此，它提供了一种可能的治疗方式，既能促进再生愈合，又能将瘢痕形成降至最低。在这篇综述中，我们研究了瘢痕形成和纤维化的细胞基础。讨论了目前正在探索的用于皮肤伤口愈合和内脏器官纤维化的干细胞疗法。虽然大多数治疗方法依赖于将祖细胞直接应用于受伤组织以促进愈合，但也提出了操纵瘢痕形成反应的新策略。随着我们对发育和干细胞生物学的理解不断加深，针对损伤或疾病继发损伤后促进健康功能组织再生的疗法将会不断扩展。
