Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse St., Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Ireland.
Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse St., Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Ireland; Computational Neuroimaging Group, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse St., Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Ireland.
Neuroimage Clin. 2019;22:101706. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101706. Epub 2019 Feb 2.
There is strong clinical, imaging and pathological evidence that neurodegeneration is associated with altered brain connectivity. While functional imaging (fMRI) can detect resting and activated states of metabolic activity, its use is limited by poor temporal resolution, cost and confounding vascular parameters. By contrast, electrophysiological (e.g. EEG/MEG) recordings provide direct measures of neural activity with excellent temporal resolution, and source localization methodologies can address problems of spatial resolution, permitting measurement of functional activity of brain networks with a spatial resolution similar to that of fMRI. This opens an exciting therapeutic approach focussed on pharmacological and physiological modulation of brain network activity. This review describes current neurophysiological approaches towards evaluating cortical network dysfunction in common neurodegenerative disorders. It explores how modern neurophysiologic tools can provide markers for diagnosis, prognosis, subcategorization and clinical trial outcome measures, and how modulation of brain networks can contribute to new therapeutic approaches.
有强有力的临床、影像和病理学证据表明，神经退行性变与大脑连接的改变有关。虽然功能成像（fMRI）可以检测代谢活动的静息和激活状态，但由于时间分辨率差、成本高和混杂的血管参数，其应用受到限制。相比之下，电生理（如 EEG/MEG）记录提供了具有极好时间分辨率的神经活动的直接测量，并且源定位方法可以解决空间分辨率的问题，允许以类似于 fMRI 的空间分辨率测量脑网络的功能活动。这为专注于药物和生理调节脑网络活动的治疗方法开辟了一个令人兴奋的途径。本综述描述了目前用于评估常见神经退行性疾病皮质网络功能障碍的神经生理学方法。它探讨了现代神经生理工具如何为诊断、预后、亚分类和临床试验结果测量提供标志物，以及脑网络的调节如何为新的治疗方法做出贡献。
