Institute of Sports Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Acta Paediatr. 2019 Sep;108(9):1624-1631. doi: 10.1111/apa.14750. Epub 2019 Mar 10.
We explored the cognitive abilities, health behaviour and cardiorespiratory fitness of preschool Estonian children aged 6-7 and any association with parental education, attending sports clubs and gender.
Data were obtained from 256 children recruited from 13 randomly chosen kindergartens in Tartu, Estonia. Cognitive abilities were assessed using the modified Boehm Test of Basic Concepts - Third Edition. Objective physical activity (PA) intensity and sedentary levels were measured over seven days by accelerometry. To assess cardiorespiratory fitness, we used the 20-m shuttle run from the PREFIT test battery. Parents reported their educational attainment, together with their child's sports club attendance, sleep duration and screen time.
Children from more highly educated families had significantly better test results for conceptual skills, verbal abilities and cardiorespiratory fitness. PA levels, cardiorespiratory fitness and perception and conceptual skills test results were better in children who attended sports clubs. Higher cardiorespiratory fitness level, shorter screen time and sleep duration were associated with better conceptual skills.
Conceptual skills and verbal abilities were better in the children of more highly educated families and if they attended sports clubs. Children's cognitive abilities may benefit from better cardiorespiratory fitness, reduced sedentary activity and less screen time.
我们探讨了 6-7 岁爱沙尼亚学龄前儿童的认知能力、健康行为和心肺适能，以及这些与父母教育程度、参加运动俱乐部和性别之间的任何关联。
数据来自爱沙尼亚塔尔图市 13 所随机挑选的幼儿园的 256 名儿童。采用改良的 Boehm 基本概念测试第三版评估认知能力。通过加速度计在七天内测量客观体力活动（PA）强度和久坐水平。为了评估心肺适能，我们使用了 PREFIT 测试电池中的 20 米穿梭跑。父母报告了他们的教育程度，以及他们孩子参加运动俱乐部的情况、睡眠时间和屏幕时间。
来自受教育程度较高家庭的儿童在概念技能、语言能力和心肺适能方面的测试结果显著更好。参加运动俱乐部的儿童 PA 水平、心肺适能和感知与概念技能测试结果更好。更高的心肺适能水平、更短的屏幕时间和睡眠时间与更好的概念技能相关。
概念技能和语言能力在受教育程度较高家庭的儿童中表现更好，如果他们参加运动俱乐部的话。儿童的认知能力可能受益于更好的心肺适能、减少久坐活动和更少的屏幕时间。
