模板-分心物独特性调节视觉搜索效率。
Template-to-distractor distinctiveness regulates visual search efficiency.
机构信息
Center for Mind and Brain, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, United States; Department of Psychology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, United States.
Center for Mind and Brain, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, United States; Department of Psychology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, United States.
出版信息
Curr Opin Psychol. 2019 Oct;29:119-125. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.01.003. Epub 2019 Jan 11.
All models of attention include the concept of an attentional template (or a target or search template). The template is conceptualized as target information held in memory that is used for prioritizing sensory processing and determining if an object matches the target. It is frequently assumed that the template contains a veridical copy of the target. However, we review recent evidence showing that the template encodes a version of the target that is adapted to the current context (e.g. distractors, task, etc.); information held within the template may include only a subset of target features, real world knowledge, pre-existing perceptual biases, or even be a distorted version of the veridical target. We argue that the template contents are customized in order to maximize the ability to prioritize information that distinguishes targets from distractors. We refer to this as template-to-distractor distinctiveness and hypothesize that it contributes to visual search efficiency by exaggerating target-to-distractor dissimilarity.
所有注意模型都包含注意模板（或目标或搜索模板）的概念。模板被概念化为存储在记忆中的目标信息，用于优先处理感觉处理并确定对象是否与目标匹配。人们通常假设模板包含目标的真实副本。然而，我们回顾了最近的证据，表明模板编码的目标版本适应于当前上下文（例如干扰物、任务等）；模板中包含的信息可能只包括目标特征的一个子集、现实世界的知识、预先存在的感知偏见，甚至是目标的失真版本。我们认为，模板内容是定制的，以便最大限度地提高区分目标和干扰物的信息优先级的能力。我们将其称为模板到干扰物的独特性，并假设它通过夸大目标到干扰物的差异来提高视觉搜索效率。
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