Pi Yu, Ma Lu, Wang Hongrong, Wang Jiaqi, Xu Jianchu, Bu Dengpan
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2019 Jan 4;32(9):1363-1372. doi: 10.5713/ajas.18.0573. Print 2019 Sep.
This study was designed to investigate the effect of diet supplementation with rubber seed oil and flaxseed oil on serum fatty acids profile, oxidation stability of serum and milk, and immune function of dairy cows.
Forty-eight mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows were randomly assigned to one of four treatments for 8wk, including basal diet (CON) or the basal diet supplemented with 4% rubber seed oil (RO), 4% flaxseed oil (FO) or 2% rubber seed oil plus 2% flaxseed oil (RFO) on a DM basis.
Compared with CON, all the oil groups increased the levels of trans-11 C18:1 (vaccenic acid, VA), cis-9, trans-11 C18:2 (conjugated linoleic acid, CLA) and C18:3 (α-linolenic acid, ALA) in serum. Both the activity of glutathione peroxidase and catalase in serum and milk in oil groups were decreased, which were negatively correlated with the levels of cis-9, trans-11 CLA and ALA. The concentrations of proinflammatory factors (TNF-α and INF-γ) in serum of oil groups were lower than that from the CON cows.
These results indicate that diet supplementation with rubber seed oil or flaxseed oil could alter serum fatty acid profile and enhance the immune function of dairy cows. However, the negative effect on milk oxidation stability should be considered when feeding these n-3 PUFA-enriched oils in dairy production.
本研究旨在探讨日粮中添加橡胶籽油和亚麻籽油对奶牛血清脂肪酸谱、血清和乳的氧化稳定性以及免疫功能的影响。
48头处于泌乳中期的荷斯坦奶牛被随机分为4组，进行为期8周的试验，包括基础日粮（CON）或在基础日粮中按干物质基础添加4%橡胶籽油（RO）、4%亚麻籽油（FO）或2%橡胶籽油加2%亚麻籽油（RFO）。
与CON组相比，所有添加油的组均提高了血清中反式-11 C18:1（vaccenic acid，VA）、顺式-9，反式-11 C18:2（共轭亚油酸，CLA）和C18:3（α-亚麻酸，ALA）的水平。添加油组血清和乳中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶的活性均降低，且与顺式-9，反式-11 CLA和ALA的水平呈负相关。添加油组血清中促炎因子（TNF-α和INF-γ）的浓度低于CON组奶牛。
这些结果表明，日粮中添加橡胶籽油或亚麻籽油可改变血清脂肪酸谱并增强奶牛的免疫功能。然而，在奶牛生产中饲喂这些富含n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的油时，应考虑其对乳氧化稳定性的负面影响。
