Inoshita Ayako, Kasai Takatoshi, Matsuoka Rina, Sata Naoko, Shiroshita Nanako, Kawana Fusae, Kato Mitsue, Ikeda Katsuhisa
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Sleep and Sleep-Disordered Breathing Center, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
J Thorac Dis. 2018 Dec;10(12):6702-6710. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2018.11.09.
Childhood obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has important implications for growth, learning, behavior, cognition and cardiovascular health as well as snoring and OSA in adulthood. In this study, we elucidated the sex differences in polysomnographic (PSG) findings and pharyngeal radiographic data in pediatric OSA patients.
Sixty three children (age between 3 and 15 years old) with OSA [defined as apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥1/h by polysomnography] were enrolled. Lateral neck radiographs were obtained from the patients. All subjects were separated by age: pre-adolescent group (3-8 years old) and adolescent group (9-15 years old).
Overall, 45 patients in the pre-adolescent group (33 boys and 12 girls) and 18 patients in the adolescent group (10 boys and 8 girls) were enrolled, and sex differences were compared in each group. We found sex differences in craniofacial features and severity of OSA in the adolescent group, in which girls with OSA had more upper airway space, in addition to lower AHI, lower 3% oxygen desaturation index (ODI), higher minimum SO and better sleep efficiency than the boys.
The present study found revealed sex differences in pediatric OSA patients in the adolescent group. Girls in the adolescent group had more upper airway space in addition to lower AHI, lower 3% ODI, higher minimum SO and better sleep efficiency than boys.
儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）对生长、学习、行为、认知和心血管健康以及成年后的打鼾和OSA具有重要影响。在本研究中，我们阐明了小儿OSA患者多导睡眠图（PSG）结果和咽部X线影像学数据的性别差异。
纳入63例患有OSA（通过多导睡眠图定义为呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）≥1次/小时）的儿童（年龄在3至15岁之间）。从患者处获取颈部侧位X线片。所有受试者按年龄分组：青春期前组（3至8岁）和青少年组（9至15岁）。
总体而言，青春期前组纳入45例患者（33名男孩和12名女孩），青少年组纳入18例患者（10名男孩和8名女孩），并对每组的性别差异进行了比较。我们发现青少年组在颅面特征和OSA严重程度方面存在性别差异，其中患有OSA的女孩除了AHI较低、3%氧饱和度下降指数（ODI）较低、最低血氧饱和度（SO）较高和睡眠效率较好外，还有更多的上气道空间。
本研究发现小儿OSA患者在青少年组存在性别差异。青少年组中的女孩除了AHI较低、3% ODI较低、最低SO较高和睡眠效率较好外，还有更多的上气道空间。
